目的 建立适合静脉高压病理机制研究的动物模型，观察毛细血管内皮细胞Duffy抗原趋化因子受体（DARC）在静脉高压炎症反应中的作用。方法 选取SD大鼠，分别建立股动静脉瘘和髂静脉缩窄静脉高压模型，另设阴性对照和空白对照，HE染色和免疫组织化学染色法观察术后大鼠后肢肌肉及皮下组织毛细血管管腔面积的变化，并利用选出的模型观察毛细血管内皮细胞DARC表达的变化。结果 术后不同时间点股动静脉瘘模型大鼠较髂静脉缩窄模型大鼠后肢肌肉及皮下组织毛细血管管腔扩张明显且持续时间长，股动静脉瘘模型大鼠毛细血管内皮细胞DARC表达随时间延长而增加。结论 大鼠股动静脉瘘模型较适合静脉高压病理机制研究，毛细血管内皮细胞DARC的表达与静脉高压炎症反应有关。

Objective To establish the suitable animal model for pathological study of venous hypertension, and investigate the role of Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) in capillary endothelial cells in the inflammatory reaction of venous hypertension. Methods SD rat femoral arteriovenous fistula venous hypertension model and iliac vein coarctation venous hypertension model were established, and negative controls and blank controls were also prepared. The changes of area of blood capillary lumens in muscle and subcutaneous tissues in hind limbs of rats were observed by HE staining and immunohistochemical staining, and the changes of expression of DARC in capillary endothelial cells were detected with selected rat models. Results The area of blood capillary lumens in muscle and subcutaneous tissues in hind limbs of rat femoral arteriovenous fistula venous hypertension model was much larger and more sustained than that of rat iliac vein coarctation venous hypertension model at different time points after model establishment. The expression of DARC in capillary endothelial cells of rat femoral arteriovenous fistula venous hypertension model increased with time after model establishment. Conclusion Rat femoral arteriovenous fistula model is more suitable for pathological study of venous hypertension, and the expression of DARC in capillary endothelial cells is related with inflammatory reaction of venous hypertension.