细菌的膜孔蛋白及其形成的孔道是细菌与外界交流的主要途径，也是抗生素透过细菌细胞膜的重要通道。细菌膜孔蛋白合成降低或膜孔蛋白缺失可阻碍抗生素进入细菌，从而引起细菌对抗生素耐药。在细菌的耐药机制研究方面，膜孔蛋白的作用日益受到关注，文章从大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌入手，对其膜孔蛋白的特点、构成、合成调控机制及其与细菌耐药的关系进行综述。

The porin forms main pathway by which bacteria communicate with environment and antibiotics penetrate into bacteria. The decrease in synthesis or absence of porin may hinder antibiotics from penetrating into bacteria, and may result in antibiotics resistance of bacteria. The research of role of porin in antibiotics resistance of bacteria has received increasingly more attention. In this paper, the structure and transcriptional regulation of the porin of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and its association with antibiotic resistance are reviewed.