目的 比较高分辨率超声和超声射频信号血管内中膜分析（QIMT）技术测量儿童颈动脉内中膜厚度（IMT）的可靠性。方法 两名超声科医师分别应用操作者徒手测量法和QIMT技术测量32名儿童的双侧颈动脉IMT。结果 QIMT技术和操作者徒手测量法测量颈动脉IMT的均差(MD)，在检查者间比较，左侧为－0.00 和－0.09 mm，右侧为－0.01和－0.11 mm；组内相关系数(ICC) 在检查者间比较，分别为左侧0.808和0.335；右侧0.875和0.415。Bland-Altman分析显示，QIMT技术有较好的一致性，优于操作者徒手测量法。结论 在规范的测量条件下，QIMT技术的检查结果具有较好的一致性，可准确测量颈动脉IMT。

Objective To compare the reliability of high-resolution ultrasound and quality intima-media thickness (QIMT) in evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in children. Methods Bilateral carotid IMT measurements were conducted in 32 children by two doctors of Department of Medical Ultrasound with QIMT and high-resolution ultrasound. Results The mean differences of carotid IMT of QIMT were -0.00 mm for the left and -0.01 mm for the right, and those of high-resolution ultrasound were -0.09 mm for the left and -0.11 mm for the right. The intra-class coefficients of highresolution ultrasound were 0.335 for the left and 0.415 for the right, and those of QIMT were 0.808 for the left and 0.875 for the right. Bland-Altman analysis indicated better interobserver reproducibility for QIMT. Conclusion Under standardized measurement conditions, QIMT may yield favourable interobserver reproducibility, and can measure carotid IMT accurately.