转化医学是基础研究与临床医疗之间双向转化的研究体系，是将临床医疗中发现的问题转化为基础研究方向，然后再将基础科研成果快速转向临床应用，它是一个双向、不断循环向上的永无止境的研究过程。转化医学在眼科的应用发展包括在糖尿病视网膜病变和黄斑变性中的应用、人工角膜和角膜缘干细胞标志物研究、眼眶骨折修复手术中组织工程骨的构建、眼科遗传性疾病的基因定位和眼科新型药物的开发等。眼科转化医学研究尚处于探索阶段，仍有很多问题亟待解决。

Translational medicine is a two-way research system between basic research and clinical medicine. It converts the problems found in clinic into the directions of basic research, and then quickly promotes the clinical applications of basic scientific research. It is a two-way, cyclic, upward and endless process. Applications of translational medicine in ophthalmology include therapy for diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration, studies of artificial cornea and corneal stem cell markers, construction of engineering bone tissues in surgical repair of orbital fracture, genic location of genetic eye diseases and development of new drugs. Translational research in ophthalmology is at the exploratory stage, and there are still many issues to be addressed.