炎症是人类最基本的病理生理过程之一，波及巩膜的炎症常导致近视的发生，炎症可能源自全身其他组织和器官，也可能源自巩膜、脉络膜、视网膜及其周围组织。其可能的发病机制是：炎症因子的释放导致巩膜胶原降解，巩膜生物力学特性发生变化，在眼内压的作用下，眼轴延长，发生近视。明确近视与炎症的关系可以完善近视的病因学说，加深对于近视发病机制的认识，同时有助于进行正确的临床诊断和制定科学合理的眼病诊疗方案。

Inflammation is one of the basic pathophysiological processes of human beings, and inflammation involving sclera often results in myopia. Inflammation may derive from the other tissues and organs, or from sclera, choroid, retina and surrounding tissues. The possible pathogenesis may be that sclera thinning is caused by the release of inflammation factors, and myopia is developed by the lengthening of vitreous chamber of ocular globe. To interpret the relationship between myopia and inflammation may accomplish the etiology of myopia, enhance the understanding of pathogenesis of myopia, and help to diagnose and treat the disease properly.