目的 分析发病年龄与偏头痛临床特点的关系，为临床判断偏头痛的预后提供参考。方法 收集门诊诊断为偏头痛的连续患者447例，其中先兆性偏头痛（MA组）62例，无先兆性偏头痛（MO组）385例。记录两组患者的年龄、性别、头痛发病年龄（AAO）、首次就诊年龄、病程、家族史以及头痛强度、频率和持续时间等相关资料。两组患者按AAO进行再分组（≤18岁为未成年组，＞18岁为成年组），分别对AAO与家族史和头痛强度、频率、持续时间的关系进行统计学分析。结果 MA组和MO组患者中女性分别占81.3%和66.1%（P<0.05），两组患者的首次就诊年龄、病程和头痛持续时间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在MO患者中，未成年组与成年组的首次就诊年龄、病程、家族史及头痛频率和持续时间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多变量Logistic回归分析发现，就诊年龄、病程、家族史、头痛频率是独立危险因素。结论 起病早、家族史明显、头痛严重的偏头痛患者，预后较差；在中国人群中，AAO可作为反映偏头痛预后的指标之一。

Objective To investigate the relationship between age at onset (AAO) and clinical features of migraine so as to provide references for prognosis estimation of migraine. Methods Four hundred and forty-seven consecutive patients with migraine were enrolled, among whom 62 were migraine with aura (MA group), and 385 were migraine without aura (MO group). The related data about age, gender, AAO, age of first diagnosis, course of disease, family history, intensity of migraine, frequency of migraine and duration of migraine of patients in two groups were recorded. Patients in both groups were subdivided into immaturity group (≤18 years old) and adult group(>18 years old) respectively. The relationship between AAO and family history, intensity of migraine, frequency of migraine and duration of migraine was statistically analysed. Results Female patients accounted for 81.3% and 66.1% in MA group and MO group respectively (P<0.05). There were significant differences in age of first diagnosis, course of disease and duration of migraine between MA group and MO group (P<0.05). In patients with MO, there were significant differences in age of first diagnosis, course of disease, family history, duration of migraine and frequency of migraine between immaturity group and adult group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that age of first diagnosis, course of disease, family history and frequency of migraine were independent risk factors. Conclusion Early AAO, obvious family history and severe headache may yield poor prognosis in patients with migraine. AAO can be used as a predictor for prognosis of migraine in Chinese population.