动脉粥样硬化是一种复杂的血管炎症性疾病，无论是最初的血管内皮细胞功能紊乱阶段还是最后血栓的形成阶段，炎症贯穿于整个动脉粥样硬化的形成过程中。阿司匹林因其抗血小板作用，在动脉粥样硬化性疾病的二级预防中起到了至关重要的作用。然而，阿司匹林既是一种抗血栓药，同时也是一种抗炎药物。文章重点探讨了阿司匹林在动脉粥样硬化中的抗炎作用，包括其对NF-κB、环氧化酶、CD40-D40L配体、氧化应激等方面的抑制，以及其具有的脂氧素抗炎途径。

Atherosclerosis is a complex vascular inflammatory disease. It has been demonstrated that inflammatory processes participate in all stages of atherosclerotic development, from the initial stage of vascular endothelial cell perturbations to the ultimate thrombogenesis. Through inhibition of platelet function, aspirin plays an important role in the second level prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. However, aspirin is not only an anti-thrombotic drug but also an anti-inflammatory agent. The anti-inflammatory action of aspirin in atherosclerotic diseases, including inhibition action on nuclear factor-κB, cyclooxygenase, CD40/CD40 ligand and oxidative stress, and its lipoxin pathway in anti-inflammation action are reviewed in this paper.