目的 探讨¹⁸F-FDG正电子发射型断层扫描/计算机断层扫描(PET/CT)全身显像辅助诊断小肠肿瘤的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析接受过¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT全身显像检查、且临床高度怀疑为小肠肿瘤的24例患者的病史资料，将PET/CT检查结果与双气囊小肠镜、活检及手术病理结果进行对照分析。结果 2例经病理证实为肠外恶性肿瘤患者的资料被排除。22例小肠肿瘤患者中，¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT全身显像检出小肠恶性肿瘤16例（小肠恶性肿瘤病灶17处，淋巴结受累27处）；小肠良性肿瘤及良性病变4例；1例肠结核患者PET/CT检查结果为假阳性；1例小肠印戒细胞癌患者PET/CT检查结果为假阴性。¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT诊断小肠恶性肿瘤的灵敏度为94.12%，特异度为80.00%；阳性预测值为94.12%，阴性预测值为80.00%，诊断准确率为90.91%。结论 ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT全身显像检查对小肠恶性肿瘤检测、良恶性鉴别、分期及指导临床治疗有较高的应用价值，是一种对小肠肿瘤患者无创、无痛、有效的临床辅助诊断显像技术。

Objective To investigate the value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT whole body scan in the diagnosis of small bowel tumors. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients who had undergone ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT whole body scan and were highly suspected with small bowel tumors were retrospectively analysed, and comparison analysis was conducted between results of PET/CT examinations and findings of double-balloon small bowel endoscopy, biopsy and surgical pathology. Results The data of 2 patients with extra-intestinal malignant tumors confirmed by pathology were excluded. Among the 22 patients with small bowel tumors, 16 patients were diagnosed as small bowel malignant tumors by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT whole body scan (17 small bowel malignant tumor lesions and 27 involved lymph nodes), 4 patients were diagnosed as small bowel benign tumors and benign lesions, 1 patient with intestinal tuberculosis had false positive PET/CT findings, and 1 patient with small intestinal signet ring cell carcinoma had false negative PET/CT findings. The sensitivity and specificity of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosis of small bowel malignant tumors were 94.12% and 80.00% respectively, and the positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy in diagnosis were 94.12%, 80.00% and 90.91% respectively. Conclusion ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT whole body scan is a feasible, safe, noninvasive and promising diagnostic tool for detecting small bowel malignancies, differentiating benign and malignant tumors, staging and guiding clinical treatment.