心脏活动受交感神经和迷走神经双重支配，在损伤后出现去神经化、神经出芽及过度再生，即心脏神经重构现象，在心律失常的发生和发展中起重要作用。近来发现许多心脏疾病伴随心脏神经重构，这可能是心律失常发生机制之一。该文就心脏神经重构与心律失常的关系进行综述，旨在为相关疾病的治疗提供启示。

The heart is innervated by both sympathetic nerve and vagus nerve. Heart injury can cause denervation, nerve sprouting and excessive regeneration, which are known as cardiac neural remodeling. Cardiac neural remodeling plays an important role in the development of arrhythmia. It has been recently found that many heart diseases are associated with cardiac neural remodeling, which may be one of the arrhythmia mechanisms. The relationship between cardiac neural remodeling and arrhythmia is reviewed in this paper, hoping to bring inspirations for the treatment of related diseases.