Th17细胞是不同于Th1和Th2的新型辅助T细胞亚群，以分泌白介素17（IL-17）为主要特征，在防御细菌感染的免疫应答、介导慢性炎症和自身免疫性疾病的发病机制中发挥重要作用。近年来研究表明，促炎症Th17细胞与免疫抑制性调节性T细胞（Treg）之间的平衡紊乱在打破母胎免疫耐受及导致病理妊娠过程中发挥关键作用。文章就Th17细胞和Treg与母胎免疫耐受的关系作一综述。

Th17 cells are identified as a new kind of helper T lymphocyte subsets, which are totally distinct from Th1 and Th2 cell subsets. The main function of Th17 cells is secreting interleukin-17 (IL-17), which may play an important role in the defensive immune response against bacterial infection, chronic inflammation as well as the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Studies in recent years have revealed that the balance disorder between pro-inflammatory Th17 cells and immunosuppressive regulatory T cell (Treg) plays a key role in the pathological pregnancy by breaking the maternal-fetal immune tolerance. The correlation of Th17 cells and Treg with maternal-fetal immune tolerance is reviewed in this paper.