跨膜受体酪氨酸激酶信号在肿瘤细胞增殖、抑制凋亡和促进新生血管形成中具有重要作用，多种恶性肿瘤过度表达该受体。随着对受体酪氨酸激酶通路的认知，已设计出众多靶向该靶点的抗肿瘤药物，如单克隆抗体、小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂等，临床应用证明这些药物能显著提高抗肿瘤效果，提高患者生存率。但靶向药物靶点专一、价格昂贵，早期监测靶向药物的疗效，对提供临床诊疗决策、减少药物不良反应及节约患者开支具有重要意义。核素标记受体酪氨酸激酶靶向药物显像已用于临床监测靶向药物的疗效，该文就此方面的研究进展进行综述。

Transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase signalling triggers cell proliferation, apoptosis suppression and neovasculature recruitment. Transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases are overexpressed in many malignancies, which have become the molecular targets for an increasing number of anticancer drugs. For example, monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been clinically proved to boost the therapeutic effect and increase the survival of patients. However, the targeted drugs are clinically limited by specific target and high price, and the early monitoring of therapeutic effects of targeted drugs is important for the design of clinical regimen and reduction of adverse effects and medical expense. The imaging of receptor tyrosine kinase targeted drugs by radionuclide has been clinically employed in the monitoring of therapeutic effects of targeted drugs, and the research progress of this application is reviewed in this paper.