目的 探讨家庭照护对慢性病患儿心理行为的影响，为有针对性进行家庭干预提供依据。方法 选择上海和北京7家医院的618名慢性病患儿家属为研究对象，采用家庭管理测量量表（FaMM）和Achenbach 儿童行为量表（CBCL）进行调查。利用单因素方差分析及相关性检验分析家庭照护对患儿心理行为的影响因素，从单因素分析结果中选择差异有统计学意义的变量建立多元分层回归模型。结果 患儿认可度低、照护能力强、家庭收入≥3 000元/月、与祖父母同住和母亲无业是患儿内向行为的预测因素；患儿认可度低、疾病影响大、家长关系不佳、病程<1年、男性患儿和父亲受教育水平在初中以下为患儿外向行为的预测因素。结论 家庭照护是影响慢性病患儿心理行为问题的重要因素，着重改善家庭照护过程中关键环节，能直接影响患儿的心理健康。

Objective To investigate the impact of family management on the psychological and behavioral problems of children with chronic diseases, and provide evidences for individualized family intervention. Methods A total of 618 caregivers of children with chronic diseases from 7 hospitals in Shanghai and Beijing were included, and Family Management Measure (FaMM) and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were employed for survey. The influencing factors of family management and psychological and behavioral problems of children were identified by univariate analysis and Pearson correlation analysis, and the variables with significant differences were selected to enter the multiple hierarchical regression model. Results Child´s daily life, condition management ability, family income (≥3 000 per month), living with grandparents and unemployed mother were significant predictors of childs internalizing behaviors. Child´s daily life, view of condition impact, parental mutuality, duration of condition (<1 year), male child and father with less education were significantly associated with child´s externalizing behaviors. Conclusion Family management is an important determinant of psychological and behavioral problems in children with chronic diseases. Improvement of key aspects of family management may directly affect the mental health of children.