Abstract: Objective · To investigate the effects of ovarian granulosa cell androgen receptor splice variant insertion isoform (AR-ins) on the levels of sex hormones and insulin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods · Seventy-nine control patients (control group) of normal ovulation and one hundred and fifty-four PCOS patients (PCOS group) who received in vitro fertilization embryo transfer in the Assisted Reproductive Department of the International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Jun. 2017 to Jun. 2018 were recruited. The sociodemographic information, serum basic hormones and insulin data were collected according to medical history record, and the hormone levels were measuredchemiluminescence. The ovarian granulosa cells and follicular fluids of all the patients were collected. Nested PCR was used to identify the androgen receptor splice variant (AR SV) in the ovarian granulosa cells PCOS patients, and then they were divided into two groups, i.e., PCOS Wt group (n39) and PCOS AR-ins group (n115). The levels of sex hormones and insulin in follicular fluids of the three groups were detectedchemiluminescence. The free androgen index (FAI) was calculated. The sociodemographic information, the levels of sex hormones and insulin in serum and follicular fluid of the three groups were comparedOne-way ANOVA, Welchs ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test and chi-square test. Results · Compared with the control group, the levels of serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were significantly lower in the PCOS AR-ins group (P0.000), and the levels of serum total testosterone (TT) (P0.000), insulin (P0.001) and FAI (P0.000) were significantly higher in the PCOS AR-ins group. Compared with the control group and the PCOS Wt group, the differences of SHBG, TT, insulin levels and FAI in the follicular fluid in the PCOS AR-ins group were statistically significant (all PConclusion · PCOS patients with AR-ins have high androgen and insulin levels in serum, and this effect is more pronounced in the ovarian local microenvironment.

Key words: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), androgen receptor (AR), splice variant (SV), high androgen, insulin resistance (IR)