Development of indicators and analysis of barriers for assessment and prevention of cutaneous graft-versus-host disease after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children
YANG Liling,1, ZHAN Sha2, XUE Xiaoyan2, CHEN Kai2, LIU Qing2, WANG Li2, WANG Yiyi2, WU Meng2, LU Qunfeng,1
1.Department of Nursing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
2.Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
Objective ·To gain a comprehensive understanding of the current clinical status of assessment and prevention of cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children, construct review indicators, analyze obstacles and facilitators in the process of conducting the study in light of clinical reality, and formulate strategies for change. Methods ·Utilizing the JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Model as a theoretical guiding framework, the clinical problem was clarified. An evidence-based practice team was established, and a systematic literature search was conducted. The evidence was then evaluated and summarized. Additionally, review indicators were constructed, and review methods were clarified in relation to the evidence. Using the Ottawa Model of Research Use, the three dimensions of evidence change, potential adopters, and practice environment were analyzed for barriers and facilitators, and corresponding strategies were developed. Results ·A total of 24 pieces of best evidence were included in the study, comprising five dimensions: skin assessment, assessment of protection, management of adverse skin reactions, medication guidance and follow-up and screening. Twenty-two review indicators were constructed on this basis, of which 14 had an implementation rate of <60% and 10 had an implementation rate of 0%; 8 had an implementation rate of >60% and 6 had an implementation rate of 100.00%. The main obstacles were the lack of relevant training and the absence of a rational management mechanism. The main facilitating factors were reliable sources of evidence and a high level of cooperation from potential stakeholders. Considering the results of the analysis of the implementation rate of the indicators under review and the obstacles, alternative measures were formulated. Conclusion ·There is a large gap between the evidence and clinical practice for the assessment and prevention of cutaneous GVHD after paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clinical change should be effectively implemented based on barriers and facilitators.
Keywords:haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
;
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
;
review of indicator development
;
barrier factor
;
evidence-based nursing
YANG Liling, ZHAN Sha, XUE Xiaoyan, CHEN Kai, LIU Qing, WANG Li, WANG Yiyi, WU Meng, LU Qunfeng. Development of indicators and analysis of barriers for assessment and prevention of cutaneous graft-versus-host disease after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science)[J], 2024, 44(12): 1552-1560 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2024.12.008
基于临床实际中存在的问题,明确儿童造血干细胞移植后皮肤GVHD的评估与预防的循证实践方案,规范化造血干细胞移植后的皮肤管理。采用复旦大学循证护理中心的循证问题确立工具PIPOST,形成循证实践问题。证据应用的目标人群(population,P)为从事儿童造血干细胞移植的专业医护人员;干预措施(intervention,I)为GVHD皮肤症状评估、预防与管理等;应用证据的专业人员(professional,P)为临床医护人员及其患儿的照顾者;证据应用的结局(outcome,O)为皮肤损伤发生率、医护人员对皮肤损伤管理的知晓率、患儿及其照顾者对治疗的依从性;证据应用的场所(setting,S)为医院、社区及家庭;证据类型(type of evidence,T)为最佳实践、证据总结、指南、专家共识、系统评价。
按照“6S”证据模型,以及自上而下的检索原则,依次检索BMJ最佳临床实践、UpToDate临床决策系统、JBI循证卫生保健中心数据库、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(National Institute for Health and Care Excellence,NICE)、苏格兰院际指南网(Scottish Inter-Academic Guide Network,SIGN)、国际指南协作网(Guideline International Network,GIN)、加拿大医学会临床实践指南网站(Canadian Medical Association:Clinical Practice Guideline,CMA Infobase)、加拿大安大略省注册护士协会(Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario,RANO)、世界肿瘤学会网站、美国国家癌症综合网站(National Comprehensive Cancer Network,NCCN)、中国抗癌协会护理专业委员会、国际癌症协会(Union for International Cancer Control,UICC)、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Embase、Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库等相关网站。中文检索词为“儿童”“移植物抗宿主病”“皮肤”“预防”“评估”“造血干细胞移植”。英文检索词为“child/childhood/children/pediatric*/adolescent*/adolescence”“stem cell transplantation/HSCT/hematopoietic stem cell transplantation/hematopoietic stem cell /bone marrow”“skin/cutaneous/lichen/scleroderma/sclerodermoid/vitiligo/erythroderma/erythema/lichen planus like/lichen planus like/maculopapular/keratosis pilaris/fasciitis/ichthyosis/poikiloderma/rash/dermatology”“graft-versus-host disease/graft-vs-host or graft versus host disease/GVHD /Graft vs Host Disease”“guideline*/guidance*/meta-analysis/systematic review/evidence summar*/best practice/expert consensus/recommendations/systematic review”。检索时限为2000年1月1日至2022年4月28日。
根据基线审查的结果,采用渥太华研究应用模式(Ottawa Model of Research Use,OMRU),对证据的变革、潜在采纳者和实践环境3个维度进行障碍因素与促进因素的分析。对潜在相关者进行访谈。对基线审查指标的依从率逐条探讨,对证据应用过程中的障碍因素和促进因素进行全面的分析并制定针对性对策。
YANG Liling and ZHAN Sha were involved in research design and development of the evidence summary. LU Qunfeng and XUE Xiaoyan were responsible for the evidence application and project promotion. YANG Liling, ZHAN Sha, LIU Qing, WANG Li, WANG Yiyi, and WU Meng were involved in data collection, the development of review indicators, and the analysis of barriers. CHEN Kai and LIU Qing provided guidance on technical route. WANG Yiyi was responsible for the statistical analysis. YANG Liling and LU Qunfeng were responsible for the writing of the paper and revision of the paper. All authors have read the final manuscript and agreed to the submission.
利益冲突声明
所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。
COMPETING INTERESTS
All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.
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