Effects of sennoside A on atherosclerotic plaque formation and expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine signal moleculars in mice with diabetes mellitus type 2
LIU Meizhi,1, WANG Ziyang1, JIANG Yaning1, MI Meng2, SUN Yongning,1
1.Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
2.The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
Objective ·To investigate the effects of sennoside A (SA) on the formation of atherosclerotic plaque and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and its receptor in mice with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). Methods ·Twelve mice with knocked-out apolipoprotein E gene were randomly divided into two groups, namely the model group and the model+SA group, with six mice in each group. Six C57BL/6J mice with the same genetic background were used as the control group. The control group was fed with normal diet, and the model group and the model+SA group were given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) daily on the basis of high-fat diet to establish a model of T2DM. The model+SA group was given SA daily by gavage for 8 weeks, and the control group and the model group were given equal volume of distillation-distillation H2O by gavage. The body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2-h postprandial blood glucose of mice were compared before and after modeling and treatment. The area of aortic plaque was observed by oil red O staining and hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining, and the level of 5-HT in serum and thoracic aorta was measured by ELISA kit. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (HTR2B) and serotonin transporter (SERT) in thoracic aorta of mice. Results ·Compared with the control group, the body weight, FBG and 2-h postprandial blood glucose in the model group increased, and glucose metabolism was disordered. The expression of HTR2B and SERT protein in thoracic aorta increased, while the concentration of 5-HT in thoracic aorta decreased. The serum 5-HT concentration increased (all P<0.05). After treatment with SA, compared with the model group, the body weight of the model+SA group decreased, and FBG and 2-h postprandial blood glucose were significantly improved. The area of aortic plaque and the expression of HTR2B and SERT protein in thoracic aorta significantly decreased, while the concentration of 5-HT increased. The serum 5-HT concentration decreased (all P<0.05). Conclusion ·SA can reduce atherosclerotic plaque area in T2DM mice, which may be related to lowering blood glucose and inhibiting the expression of 5-HT and its receptor.
Keywords:sennoside A (SA)
;
diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM)
;
atherosclerosis
;
5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
;
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (HTR2B)
LIU Meizhi, WANG Ziyang, JIANG Yaning, MI Meng, SUN Yongning. Effects of sennoside A on atherosclerotic plaque formation and expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine signal moleculars in mice with diabetes mellitus type 2. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science)[J], 2024, 44(8): 991-998 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2024.08.008
我国糖尿病患者约有1.25亿,其中2型糖尿病(diabetes mellitus type 2,T2DM)患者占90%以上[1]。动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病是T2DM的主要致死原因[2]。T2DM患者冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病呈现发病早、进展快的特点[3]。目前针对糖尿病动脉粥样硬化的治疗方法主要是服用降血糖、降血脂和抗血小板药物等,但多具有患者依从性差、药物不良反应大等局限性。近年来,5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)在糖尿病大血管病变中的作用受到广泛关注。5-HT是一种单胺类神经递质,主要由肠道嗜铬细胞和神经中枢产生。其无法通过血脑屏障,在外周神经系统与中枢神经系统相对独立。5-HT在中枢神经系统与失眠、抑郁症等疾病密切相关[4],但在外周神经系统中5-HT产生后大部分存储于血小板中,主要发挥调控血压、心率等作用。研究[5]发现,糖尿病患者循环系统5-HT水平升高与血管并发症的出现呈正相关。5-HT可能通过促进血小板聚集、刺激血管收缩、诱导炎症和巨噬细胞泡沫细胞的形成等方式参与动脉粥样硬化形成[6]。因此,抑制5-HT信号表达水平可能有助于缓解糖尿病动脉粥样硬化进展。
Note: A. Representative images of aortic plaque. B. Portion of aortic plaque area. ①P=0.000, compared with the control group; ②P=0.013, compared with the model group.
Fig 2
Comparison of aortic plaque area in mice in each group
Note: A. Representative Western blotting bands. B. Quantification of Western blotting bands. ①P=0.007, ③P=0.005, compared with the control group; ②P=0.009, ④P=0.027, compared with the model group.
Fig 4
Comparison of SERT and HTR2B protein expression levels in mice in each group
LIU Meizhi collected, processed and analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript. WANG Ziyang collected data. JIANG Yaning and MI Meng revised the manuscript. SUN Yongning participated in experimental design and directed the writing of the manuscript. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.
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COMPETING INTERESTS
The authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.
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