抗衰老材料在组织修复中应用的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2025.11.012

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 1527-1535.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2025.11.012

• 综述 • 上一篇

抗衰老材料在组织修复中应用的研究进展

侯森林¹^,², 邓翔天¹^,², 郑庭佳², 韩奕菲², 刘珅¹^,²()

^1.上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院骨科，上海 200233
^2.上海交通大学医学院，上海 200025

收稿日期:2025-02-24 接受日期:2025-07-06 出版日期:2025-11-28 发布日期:2025-12-03
通讯作者: 刘珅，研究员，博士；电子信箱：liushensjtu@126.com。
作者简介:第一联系人：为共同第一作者 (Co-first authors)。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(82425035);国家自然科学基金(9236810338);上海交通大学医学院第十九期大学生创新训练计划(19250008)

Progress in applications of anti-senescence materials for tissue repair

HOU Senlin¹^,², DENG Xiangtian¹^,², ZHENG Tingjia², HAN Yifei², LIU Shen¹^,²()

^1.Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
^2.Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China

Received:2025-02-24 Accepted:2025-07-06 Online:2025-11-28 Published:2025-12-03
Contact: LIU Shen, E-mail: liushensjtu@126.com.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82425035);The 19th Innovative Training Program for College Students of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(19250008)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

组织修复是机体组织损伤后的重要生理过程，常受组织纤维化、氧化应激等问题干扰，并伴随细胞衰老现象。细胞衰老指细胞在不利刺激下出现的增殖停滞、功能衰退现象，在组织修复中具有双向调节作用。在伤口愈合早期，细胞衰老能限制纤维化、诱导细胞可塑性，从而促进修复；但衰老细胞的长期积累会干扰细胞正常增殖分化，阻碍修复进程。随着组织学和细胞生物学的不断发展，组织修复和细胞衰老机制研究不断深入，为抗衰老材料在组织修复中的应用提供了理论依据。抗衰老材料负载抗衰药物、能量补充剂或抗氧化剂等成分，后者通过诱导细胞凋亡、激活自噬、逆转衰老进程等多种途径发挥积极作用。这些抗衰材料的应用为解决慢性创面的组织纤维化等临床难题提供了新思路，有望成为干预组织损伤修复的有效手段。近年来，抗衰老材料广泛应用于组织再生与修复，对此展开综述能够促进更多基础研究的转化应用，为攻克临床上组织修复难题提供参考。

关键词: 细胞衰老, 组织修复, 抗衰老材料, 组织再生工程

Abstract:

Tissue repair is an important physiological process after tissue injury, but it is often disrupted by tissue fibrosis, oxidative stress, and other problems, accompanied by cellular senescence. Cellular senescence refers to the proliferation stagnation and function decline of cells under adverse stimuli, which plays a bidirectional regulatory role in tissue repair. In the early stage of wound healing, it can limit fibrosis and induce cell plasticity, thus promoting repair. Nevertheless, the long-term accumulation of senescent cells will interfere with the normal proliferation and differentiation of cells and hinder the repair process. In recent years, with the development of histology and cell biology, the mechanisms of tissue repair and cellular senescence have been deeply studied, providing a theoretical basis for the application of anti-senescence materials to tissue repair. Ingredients in anti-senescence materials, such as anti-senescence drugs, energy supplements, and antioxidants, play a favorable role by inducing apoptosis, activating autophagy, reversing the senescence process, and other mechanisms. The application of these anti-senescence materials provides new ideas to solve clinical problems like tissue fibrosis in chronic wounds, and is expected to become an effective means to intervene in tissue regeneration. In recent years, anti-senescence materials have been widely used in tissue regeneration and repair. This review may promote the translation and application of more fundamental research and provide references for clinical tissue repair.

Key words: cellular senescence, tissue repair, anti-senescence materials, tissue regeneration engineering

中图分类号:

R641

侯森林, 邓翔天, 郑庭佳, 韩奕菲, 刘珅. 抗衰老材料在组织修复中应用的研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2025, 45(11): 1527-1535.

HOU Senlin, DENG Xiangtian, ZHENG Tingjia, HAN Yifei, LIU Shen. Progress in applications of anti-senescence materials for tissue repair[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2025, 45(11): 1527-1535.

图/表 4

参考文献 58

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Feature	Acute wound	Chronic wound
SASP secretory pattern	Short-term, mainly promoting repair	Long-term, mainly promoting inflammation
SASP secretory substances	Growth factors such as TGF-β, ECM remodeling enzymes such as MMPs, anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, etc	Proinflammatory factors such as IL-1β and TNF-α, and growth inhibitors such as sFRP
Oxidative stress level	Controllable, with a transient rise in ROS	Persistent high-level, causing accumulation of DNA damage
Microenvironment remediation ability	Dynamic balance (orderly ECM remodeling)	Imbalance (excessive ECM degradation or fibrosis)

Feature	Acute wound	Chronic wound
SASP secretory pattern	Short-term, mainly promoting repair	Long-term, mainly promoting inflammation
SASP secretory substances	Growth factors such as TGF-β, ECM remodeling enzymes such as MMPs, anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, etc	Proinflammatory factors such as IL-1β and TNF-α, and growth inhibitors such as sFRP
Oxidative stress level	Controllable, with a transient rise in ROS	Persistent high-level, causing accumulation of DNA damage
Microenvironment remediation ability	Dynamic balance (orderly ECM remodeling)	Imbalance (excessive ECM degradation or fibrosis)

Anti-senescence material	Injury type	Mechanism of action	Biocompatibility	Experimental stage and evaluation	Reference
Dasatinib + quercetin environment-responsive hydrogel	Myocardial injury	Senolytic	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Clinical randomized controlled trial	[35]
Metformin + zinc ion hydrogel	Traumatic skin defects, burns	Activating autophagy	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Mouse experiment	[36]
Resveratrol + angiopoietin 2 hydrogel	Bone tissue injury	Activating autophagy	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[37]
Yap1 protein exosome hydrogel	Tendon injury	Inhibiting SASP	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[38]
Microneedle patches loaded with taurine	Soft tissue injury	Inhibiting SASP	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[39]
Dynamic self-healing hydrogel loaded with melatonin	Intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus injury	Enhancing energy supply	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[40]
Hydrogel loaded with myelinated mesenchymal stem cells	Bone tissue injury	Enhancing energy supply	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Mouse experiment	[41]
Nano-thylakoid membrane system	Cartilage injury	Enhancing energy supply	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Animal experiment (without specifying species)	[42]
PLGA-PEG nanodelivery system loaded with ginsentriol	Osteoarthritis	Reversing senescent cells	Lower side effects than systemic administration, reduced risk of infection from intra-articular injection	Mouse and human tissue in vitro experiment	[43]
Pha-encapsulated CaSi₂ nanoparticles releasing H₂	Bone defect	Inhibiting oxygenated stress	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Mouse experiment	[44]
Hydrogel loaded with synovial mesenchymal stem cells	Cartilage injury	Reversing senescent cells	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Rat experiment	[45]
Biological heterojunctions releasing gaseous H₂Se	Stalled healing of infectious wounds	Inhibiting oxygenated stress	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Rat experiment	[46]
PEG liposomes targeting CD9	Skin injury	Reversing senescent cells	High targeting, efficient drug utilization, and low toxicity	Cell in vitro experiment	[47]
Honokiol	Silicosis	Inhibiting oxygenated stress	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Mouse experiment	[48]

Anti-senescence material	Injury type	Mechanism of action	Biocompatibility	Experimental stage and evaluation	Reference
Dasatinib + quercetin environment-responsive hydrogel	Myocardial injury	Senolytic	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Clinical randomized controlled trial	[35]
Metformin + zinc ion hydrogel	Traumatic skin defects, burns	Activating autophagy	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Mouse experiment	[36]
Resveratrol + angiopoietin 2 hydrogel	Bone tissue injury	Activating autophagy	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[37]
Yap1 protein exosome hydrogel	Tendon injury	Inhibiting SASP	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[38]
Microneedle patches loaded with taurine	Soft tissue injury	Inhibiting SASP	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[39]
Dynamic self-healing hydrogel loaded with melatonin	Intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus injury	Enhancing energy supply	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Rat experiment	[40]
Hydrogel loaded with myelinated mesenchymal stem cells	Bone tissue injury	Enhancing energy supply	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Mouse experiment	[41]
Nano-thylakoid membrane system	Cartilage injury	Enhancing energy supply	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and no obvious side effects	Animal experiment (without specifying species)	[42]
PLGA-PEG nanodelivery system loaded with ginsentriol	Osteoarthritis	Reversing senescent cells	Lower side effects than systemic administration, reduced risk of infection from intra-articular injection	Mouse and human tissue in vitro experiment	[43]
Pha-encapsulated CaSi₂ nanoparticles releasing H₂	Bone defect	Inhibiting oxygenated stress	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Mouse experiment	[44]
Hydrogel loaded with synovial mesenchymal stem cells	Cartilage injury	Reversing senescent cells	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Rat experiment	[45]
Biological heterojunctions releasing gaseous H₂Se	Stalled healing of infectious wounds	Inhibiting oxygenated stress	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Rat experiment	[46]
PEG liposomes targeting CD9	Skin injury	Reversing senescent cells	High targeting, efficient drug utilization, and low toxicity	Cell in vitro experiment	[47]
Honokiol	Silicosis	Inhibiting oxygenated stress	High biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy metabolism	Mouse experiment	[48]

抗衰老材料在组织修复中应用的研究进展

Progress in applications of anti-senescence materials for tissue repair

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