目的 采用光学相干断层扫描技术（OCT）测得正常人、高眼压者和原发性开角型青光眼患者的视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）的厚度并进行比较。方法 选取门诊就诊的患者和正常志愿者，根据眼压、视野和视乳头形态分为正常组76名（152眼），高眼压组70例（109眼），原发性开角型青光眼组67例（112眼），采用OCT CIRRUS Zeiss 分别测得3组的平均RNFL和4个象限的RNFL。结果 正常组平均RNFL为（107.61±8.03）μm，高眼压组平均RNFL为（105.26±9.22）μm，原发性开角型青光眼组平均RFNL为（91.00±10.55）μm。正常人平均、上方和下方RNFL与原发性开角型青光眼患者比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；高眼压组与原发性开角型青光眼组之间平均RNFL比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；正常组和高眼压组之间平均RNFL比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 通过对RNFL厚度的分析，为高眼压和原发性开角型青光眼的鉴别诊断提供帮助。

Objective To measure and compare retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in normal eyes, ocular hypertensive eyes, and primary open-angle glaucoma patients. Methods The RNFL thickness was measured in 3 groups: normal group (76 cases, 152 eyes), ocular hypertensive group (70 cases, 109 eyes), and primary open-angle glaucoma group (67 cases, 112 eyes). RNFL measurements were taken with OCT CIRRUS Zeiss. Results The average values of RNFL thickness were (107.61±8.03) μm, (105.26±9.22) μm, and (91.00±10.55) μm in normal eyes, ocular hypertensive eyes, and glaucomatous eyes, respectively. Compared normal eyes, RNFL average thickness, superior thickness, and inferior thickness showed significant differences in glaucomatous eyes (P<0.01). The RNFL average thickness was significantly different between ocular hypertensive eyes and glaucomatous eyes (P<0.01), whereas there was no significant difference between normal and ocular hypertensive eyes (P>0.05). Conclusion The RNFL thickness measurement is a kind of very useful and objective method to differentiate ocular hypertensive and primary open-angle glaucoma.