噬菌体控制细菌的研究已有近百年。随着抗生素的发现和随后的大规模工业化生产及应用，噬菌体作为控制细菌的手段之一逐渐淡出广大研究者尤其是西方各国研究者的视野，虽然在前苏联国家一直持续着噬菌体治疗的研究，但在当代以西方舆论为主导的世界，其研究成果不为人们熟知。目前，细菌耐药性已成为世界抗感染治疗领域面临的严峻问题，采用噬菌体治疗这个老方法来解决新问题重新引起人们关注。该文从噬菌体治疗的研究历程、噬菌体制剂的分类、噬菌体应用于感染的预防及治疗、环境消毒及食品防腐等方面进行论述。

There has been nearly one hundred years of using bacteriophages to treat infectious disease. However, with the discovery of antibiotics and their production in industry and wide usage, bacteriophages were ignored as an approach of controlling infectious diseases in the western world, even though there were  lots of work continuously being done in the former Soviet Union countries. But their achievements were basically unknown by the people because the modern world was led by the western world. With the widespread of antibiotic resistant bacteria worldwide, the phage therapy was refocused on to deal with this challenge. In this paper, we reviewed the discovery to bacteriophage, the classification of bacteriophage preparation, the application of bacteriophage in the treatment of infectious diseases as well as their usage in the environmental, food, and agriculture disinfection recent years.