目的 探讨PRKCB1基因 rs3760106变异与2型糖尿病终末期肾病（ESRD）的关系。方法 选取上海地区汉族174例2型糖尿病终末期肾病（DN-ESRD组）和228例糖尿病无肾病患者（DN-0组）为研究对象。采用Taqman探针法检测rs3760106（C/T）基因型，对两组基因型、等位基因频率分布及临床变量进行比较分析。结果 DN-0组与DN-ESRD组rs3760106基因型和等位基因频率分布的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；与CC基因型相比，CT+TT基因型携带者发生DN-ESRD的风险显著增高，OR(95%CI)为2.14(1.18~3.87）(P<0.05)。校正性别、糖尿病发病年龄和体质量指数（BMI）后，CT+TT基因型携带者发生DN-ESRD的风险依然存在，OR(95%CI)为2.47(1.03~5.94）(P<0.05)。在DN-0组或DN-ESRD组，与CC基因型相比，CT+TT基因型携带者的空腹血糖（FPG）水平显著增加（P<0.05）或呈增高趋势（P>0.05）。结论 上海地区汉族人2型糖尿病PRKCB1基因rs3760106T等位基因携带者的ESRD发病风险显著增高。

Objective To explore the relationship between the rs3760106 (C/T) variation of protein kinase C-β gene (PRKCB1) and type 2 diabetic end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods Shanghai Han patients with type 2 diabetes were selected and divided into the end-stage renal disease of diabetic nephropathy group (DN-ESRD group)(n=174) and non-diabetic nephropathy group (the DN-0 group)(n=228). The genotypes of rs3760106 were detected by the Taqman PCR assay. Frequencies of genotypes and alleles of rs3760106, as well as clinical characteristics of two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The differences of frequencies of genotypes and alleles of rs3760106 of the DN-0 group and DN-ESRD group were statistically significant (P<0.05). The risk of incidence of DN-ESRD for people with CT+TT genotype significantly increased with OR of 2.14 (95%CI, 1.18-3.87). After sex, onset age of diabetes, and BMI correction, the risk of incidence of DN-ESRD for people with CT+TT genotype still existed. For the DN-0 group or DN-ESRD group, the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of people with CT+TT genotype was significantly higher than that of people with CC genotype (P<0.05) or had an increasing tendency (P>0.05). Conclusion The risk of incidence of ESRD for Shanghai Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who carry T allele of rs3760106 of PRKCB1 gene is high.