目的 观察小檗碱对家族性腺瘤性息肉病（FAP）动物模型Apc(Min/+)小鼠肠道息肉组织中巨噬细胞分型的影响，探讨其治疗FAP的作用机制。方法 SPF级4周龄Apc(Min/+)小鼠20只，随机分为小檗碱组和对照组，0.1%的小檗碱混入饮水中给药。连续给药12周后处死小鼠，免疫组织化学法观察息肉组织中巨噬细胞标志物F4/80、M1型巨噬细胞标志物诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、M2型巨噬细胞标志物巨噬细胞甘露糖受体（MR）的表达情况；real-time PCR检测iNOS、MR和白介素10（IL-10） mRNA表达。结果 小檗碱组肠道息肉总数较对照组显著降低 (t=16.727，P=0.001)。小檗碱组肠道息肉间质中F4/80表达较对照组明显减少（t=5.327，P=0.043)，iNOS表达较对照组显著增加（t=7.335，P=0.004），而MR表达较对照组明显减少（t=5.634，P=0.016)。小檗碱组iNOS mRNA表达较对照组明显增加(t=7.827，P=0.035)，MR、IL-10 mRNA表达较对照组明显减少(t=6.923，P=0.039；t=8.135，P=0.026)。结论 小檗碱可能通过改变Apc(Min/+)小鼠肠道息肉组织中巨噬细胞的分型，从而发挥抑制息肉生长的作用。

Objective To observe the effect of berberine on the phenotype of macrophages in the intestinal polyp tissue of Apc(Min/+) mice of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) animal model and explore the mechanism of treating FAP. Methods Twenty 4-week-old SPF Apc(Min/+) mice were randomly divided into the control group and berberine group (administrated with berberine of 0.1% in drinking water). Mice were sacrificed after being continuously administrated for 12 weeks. Expressions of macrophage marker F4/80, M1 macrophage marker inducible nitric oxide synthase-2 (iNOS), and M2 macrophage marker macrophage mannose receptor (MR) in the polyp tissue were detected by the immunohistochemistry method. The mRNA expressions of iNOS, MR, and IL-10 were detected by the real-time PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the total number of intestinal polyps of the berberine group was significantly smaller (t=16.727, P=0.001); the expression of F4/80 in stroma of intestinal polyps significantly decreased (t=5.327, P=0.043); the expression of iNOS significantly increased (t=7.335, P=0.004); the expression of MR significantly decreased (t=5.634, P=0.016); the mRNA expression of iNOS significantly increased (t=7.827, P=0.035); and the mRNA expressions of MR and IL-10 significantly decreased (t=6.923, P=0.039; t=8.135, P=0.026). Conclusion Berberine can inhibit the growth of intestinal polyps of Apc(Min/+) mice by altering the phenotype of macrophages in the intestinal polyp tissue.