目的 探讨增生前列腺的血供变化及其临床意义。方法 对130例前列腺增生患者进行经直肠超声前列腺检查，测量前列腺大小，以估算出的质量为标准将130例患者分为≤25 g组、26～50 g组、51～75 g组和≥76 g组。测量4组患者尿道前列腺动脉的内径、最大血流速度(Vmax)、脉动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI),进行统计学处理。130例患者中27例行前列腺动脉栓塞术，对比栓塞前后患者尿道前列腺动脉的内径、Vmax、PI、RI及前列腺质量的变化。结果 尿道前列腺动脉的内径、Vmax、PI、RI等参数比较，4组患者组内、组间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)，且4项指标均与前列腺质量呈正相关。行前列腺动脉栓塞术后3个月及1年时复查显示，尿道前列腺动脉的内径、Vmax、PI、RI及前列腺质量等指标均明显变小，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 增生前列腺的血液供应明显增加，尿道前列腺动脉血流速度增快,内径增宽,血管阻力增大。阻断尿道前列腺动脉能使增生前列腺组织的血供明显减少，可使前列腺体积缩小，有助于缓解下尿路梗阻。

Objective To explore the changes of blood supply to the benign prostatic hyperplasia and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 130 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia underwent transrectal ultrasound prostate examination and the size of prostate was measured. Patients were divided into ≤25 g group, 26-50 g group, 51-75 g group, and ≥76 g group according to the estimated weight of prostate. The inner diameter of urethral artery of prostate, velocity of maximum flow (Vmax), pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index (RI) of 4 groups were measured and statistically processed. Among 130 patients, 27 of them underwent the prostatic artery embolization. The variations of inner diameter of urethral artery of prostate, Vmax, PI, RI, and the weight of prostate before and after the prostatic artery embolization were compared. Results The differences of inner diameter of urethral artery of prostate, Vmax, PI, and RI of patients among 4 groups or in the same group were statistically significant (P<0.05). The inner diameter of urethral artery of prostate, Vmax, PI, and RI were positively correlated with the weight of prostate. Three months and one year after the prostate artery embolization, reexaminations showed that values of the inner diameter of urethral artery of prostate, Vmax, PI, RI, and the weight of prostate were significantly smaller and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion For benign prostatic hyperplasia, the blood supply is significantly increased. The values of velocity of blood flow, inner diameter, and resistance of the urethral artery of prostate are larger. Blocking the transurethral prostatic artery can significantly reduce the blood supply and the size of prostate, and is helpful for relieving the lower urinary tract obstruction.