肝纤维化是常见的慢性进行性肝病，是肝脏细胞在一种或多种病因长期或反复作用下进行应激反应的过程。肝纤维化过程中，胞外基质大量累积形成瘢痕组织，引起肝脏功能减退或衰竭，严重危害生命健康。多个独立的研究证明，干细胞治疗促进肝纤维化恢复。干细胞治疗过程中，干细胞迁移至肝损伤部位，通过旁分泌途径改善纤维化瘢痕区域的微环境，延缓纤维化进程。该文从肝纤维化形成过程、肝纤维化治疗和干细胞疗法三方面进行综述。

Liver fibrosis is a common chronic liver disease, which is a stress response process of liver cells affected by one or more pathogenies for long term or repeatedly. During the fibrosis process, massive accumulated extracellular matrix can form scar tissue, which results in liver dysfunction or failure and seriously endangers the health of people. According to many independent reports, stem cell therapy can facilitate the alleviation of liver fibrosis. During the stem cell therapy, stem cells migrate to the injury site of liver and alleviate the liver fibrosis by improving the microenvironment of the scar area via paracrine way. This article reviews the formation, treatment, and stem cell therapy of liver fibrosis.