目的 ·探讨酶联免疫吸附试验（ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA）检测抗双链 DNA（double-stranded DNA，dsDNA）抗体的特点及临床应用价值。方法 ·采用放射免疫测定（ radioimmunoassay，RIA）法和 ELISA法同时检测 186例系统性红斑狼疮（ systemic lupus erythematosus，SLE）患者、 183例非 SLE自身免疫疾病患者、 78例非自身免疫病对照和 50例健康体检者血清中抗 dsDNA抗体，评价其诊断效能。结果 · RIA法和 ELISA法对于 SLE诊断的敏感度分别为 47.31% 和 62.90%、特异度分别为 85.85%和 81.67%，阳性预测值分别为 66.67%和 67.24%，阴性预测值分别为 73.15%和 78.14%。2种方法检测值均随疾病的活动度升高而增高。结论 · ELISA法对 SLE的诊断特异度与 RIA法接近，但其敏感度更高，可有效筛查 SLE患者。同时，2种方法均有助于监测 SLE病情的活动状态。

Objective · To investigate the characteristics and clinical application value of anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody detectedenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Methods · 186 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 183 autoimmune disease of non-SLE controls, 78 non-autoimmune disease controls and 50 healthy controls were selected. The serum anti-dsDNA antibody was detected simultaneouslythe methods of ELISA and radioimmunoassay (RIA) and their diagnostic efficacies for detection were compared. Results · The sensitivities of anti-dsDNA antibody in SLERIA and ELISA were 47.31% and 62.90%, respectively. The specificities were 85.85% and 81.67%, respectively. The positive predictive were 66.67% and 67.24%, respectively. The negative predictive were 73.15% and 78.14%, respectively. The anti-dsDNA antibody levels of SLE patients detectedELISA and RIA both increased with the increase of SLE disease activity index. Conclusion · The specificity of ELISA is similar with RIA in diagnosing SLE, and the sensitivity is higher than RIA, which can screen the patients with SLE. In addition, the two methods are both suifor monitoring the condition of SLE.