目的·提出一种基于3D打印技术的器官芯片的制作方法并研究其表面细胞生长与各因素之间的关系。方法·通过3D打印技术与表面微结构转移方法，在聚二甲基硅氧烷（polydimethylsiloxane，PDMS）芯片上制作出类肠绒毛和模拟肿瘤表面的类溃疡、类隆起微结构。结合荧光染色和激光共聚焦显微镜成像技术，测定了芯片表面修饰、微结构的形状及高度、培养时间等条件对芯片上的结肠腺癌细胞株Caco-2细胞表面覆盖率和细胞密度的影响。结果·相对于3D打印的树脂芯片，PDMS芯片更易使细胞黏附生长。在PDMS芯片立体结构表面，使用鼠尾胶原蛋白Ⅰ进行修饰后，细胞覆盖率、细胞密度均显著提高（均PP0.000）。经表面修饰后，相同高度的不同立体结构上细胞密度无明显差异（均P>0.05）。结论·3D打印技术与表面微结构转移方法可用于制作模拟肠绒毛和肿瘤表面结构的器官芯片，表面修饰、微结构的高度均会对其表面细胞的生长产生影响。

Objective · To propose a method for making organ-on-a-chip based on 3D printing, and study the relationship between cell growth on the chips and various factors. Methods · Through 3D printing technology and surface microstructure transfer method, ulcer-like and ridge-like microstructures of the tumor surface and the intestinal villi were fabricated on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip. Combined with fluorescence imaging, the effects of surface modification, shapes and heights of microstructures, and culture time on the surface coverage and density of Caco-2 cells on the chip were measured. Results · The PDMS chip was more likely to induce cell adhesion and growth rather than the 3D printing resin chip. On the surface of three-dimensional structure, cell surface coverage and cell density increased after the surface was treated with rat tail collagen Ⅰ (PP0.000). After surface modification, there was no significant difference in cell density at the same height of different steric structure (P>0.05). Conclusion · The intestinal villi and tumor topological organ chips can be fabricated3D printing technology and surface microstructure transfer method. The surface modification and microstructure height affect the cell growth on the surface.