目的·探索正念干预对苯丙胺类物质使用障碍者的作用机制。方法·选取上海市某强制隔离戒毒所苯丙胺类物质使用障碍者40名，随机分成对照组与干预组。对照组仅接受常规治疗，干预组除常规治疗外增加正念干预。分别测量干预前后的静息态脑电及正念觉知注意力。结果·与对照组比较，干预组的正念觉知注意力有改善，睁眼状态下β频段额叶电极F4与F5脑电功能连接增强，冥想状态下顶叶电极P7与枕叶电极O2脑电功能连接增强，差异均有统计学意义（P0.000）。干预组顶枕叶的脑电功能连接增强与其正念觉知注意力得分具有相关性（P0.000）。结论·正念干预能增加苯丙胺使用障碍者正念觉知注意力，并增强部分额叶、顶枕叶脑电功能连接。

Objective · To test the mechanism of mindfulness-based intervention in patients with amphetamine-types stimulants disorders. Methods · Forty participants a drug rehabilitation center in Shanghai who had amphetamine-type stimulants disorders were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial and randomly divided into either the intervention group or control group. The control group only received the normal treatment, while the intervention group received mindfulness-based intervention as well as normal treatment. Resting state electroencephalogram and mindfulness attention awareness were assessed before and after the intervention. Results · Compared with the control group, the scores of mindfulness attention awareness improved significantly in the intervention group (P0.000), and functional connectivity of frontal cortex (F4 and F5) under the eye-open state and parietal-occipital cortex (P7 and O2) under the mindfulness state increased significantly in the intervention group in β oscillations (P0.000). Moreover, the functional connectivity of parietal-occipital cortex was significantly correlated with the mindfulness attention awareness scores in the intervention group (P0.000). Conclusion · Mindfulness-based intervention is effective in improving the mindfulness attention awareness and increasing the electroencephalogram functional connectivity of partial frontal and parietal-occipital cortex for patients with amphetamine-type stimulants disorders.