抑郁症是一种致残率高且复发率高的心理疾病，同时伴有语言加工等方面的认知损害。该文回顾了近些年抑郁症患者语义加工异常的神经生理学证据。电生理研究数据表明抑郁症患者语义加工异常起始于感知加工的早期阶段，并在随后的各个加工阶段持续存在，且有大脑半球偏侧化现象。脑影像研究发现抑郁症患者在内侧前额叶皮质和额下回激活水平异常。目前的研究范式还不足以将语义加工与其他认知过程相分离，因此需要更多的研究对其进行探究。

Major depression disorder (MDD) is a serious mental illness with high disability rate and high recurrence rate, accompanied by cognitive impairment including language processing. This article reviews neurophysiological evidences of abnormal semantic processing in MDD patients in recent years. Electrophysiological data indicates that abnormal semantic processing in the patients begins in the early stages of perceptual processing and persists in subsequent cognitive processing stages with hemispheric lateralization. Brain imaging studies show that the patients have abnormal activation levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus. The current research paradigms cannot separate semantic processing from other cognitive processes, and more research is needed.