抗精神病药是精神分裂症最重要的治疗手段。然而抗精神病药是如何影响脑功能从而发挥疗效，达到改善症状的目的目前仍不明确。静息态脑功能情况反映了大脑在静息状态下固有的活动模式，是所有认知活动的基础。了解抗精神病药物如何影响静息态脑功能有助于理解精神疾病的发病机制以及寻求治疗靶点。该文综述了抗精神病药治疗前后精神分裂症患者静息态脑区活动、脑网络功能连接以及全脑功能网络拓扑特性的研究现状，并对将来的研究方向作一展望。

Antipsychotic drugs are the most commonly used treatment for schizophrenia. How antipsychotics affect brain function so as to improve clinical symptoms is still poorly understood. How brain works at rest reflects the inherent activity pattern of the brain in the resting state which is a foundation of all cognitive activities. To learn how antipsychotics affect brain function is helpful to understand the pathogenesis of mental illness and to seek better therapeutic targets. In this article, the changes of resting state brain area activities, brain network functional connectivities and the topology characteristics of whole brain functional network in the patients with schizophrenia before and after antipsychotic treatment are reviewed, and the future prospect is discussed.