目的·通过使用肥大细胞膜稳定剂色甘酸钠（sodium cromoglycate，Crom）稳定肥大细胞来探究其在小鼠溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis，UC）造模过程中的作用。方法·将15只小鼠分为空白组（n=5）、模型组（n=5）和Crom组（n=5）共3组。空白组小鼠自由饮用双蒸水7 d；模型组小鼠自由饮用3%葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sulfate sodium，DSS）溶液7 d，构建溃疡性结肠炎模型；Crom组小鼠在饮用3% DSS溶液的第3日（即造模中期）灌胃服用Crom溶液。比较空白组、模型组和Crom组小鼠的体质量改变和疾病活动指数（disease activity index，DAI）的变化，利用苏木精-伊红染色和甲苯胺蓝染色观察小鼠肠组织的病理情况和肥大细胞数量，并利用流式细胞仪检测小鼠脾脏免疫细胞的浸润情况。3组间差异比较采用单因素方差分析（one-way ANOVA），进一步组间比较采用最小显著性差异法（least-significant difference，LSD）。结果·与空白组相比，模型组小鼠重度便血，肠道病理显示有大量炎症性浸润，体质量下降严重（P=0.005），DAI评分升高明显（P=0.001），结肠长度明显缩短（P=0.003），且甲苯胺蓝染色显示肠道中肥大细胞数量增多（P=0.000）。与模型组相比，Crom组小鼠的便血减少，结肠长度有所增加（P=0.013）；且肠道病理显示，其炎症情况较模型组有所改善，肥大细胞数量较模型组减少（P=0.000）。结论·色甘酸钠灌胃可减轻小鼠溃疡性结肠炎炎症反应，间接表明肥大细胞参与了溃疡性结肠炎的发病。

Objective ·To explore the role of mast cell membrane stabilizer sodium cromoglycate (Crom) in the modeling of ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Methods ·Mice were divided into 3 groups, i.e.control group (n=5), dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) group (n=5) and DSS+Crom group (n=5). Mice in the control group drank water for 7 d, and mice in the DSS group drank 3% DSS for 7 d to establish UC model. Meanwhile, mice in the DSS+Crom group were treated with Crom since the 3^rd day during the establishment of UC. The changes of body mass and disease activity index (DAI) scores among the three groups were compared. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H-E staining) and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the histopathology injury and the number of mast cells in colon tissues. Flow cytometry was used to detect the immune cell infiltration of spleen. Differences among the three groups were compared by using one-way ANOVA. Least significant difference (LSD) was used to further compare the differences between each two groups. Results ·Compared with the control group, the mice in the DSS group had severe hematochezia and intestinal barrier injury, the body weight of the mice in the DSS group decreased significantly (P=0.005), the DAI score increased significantly (P=0.001), the colon length shortened significantly (P=0.003), and toluidine blue staining showed that the number of mast cells in the intestine increased (P=0.000). Moreover, compared with the DSS group, the blood in the stool of the mice in the DSS+Crom group decreased, and the colon length increased (P=0.013); the intestinal pathology showed that the inflammation was improved, and the number of mast cells was reduced (P=0.000). Conclusion ·Stabilizing mast cells with sodium cromoglycate could effectively reduce colon inflammation of mice in UC, which indirectly indicates that mast cells participate in the pathogenesis of UC.