收稿日期: 2022-04-27
录用日期: 2023-01-18
网络出版日期: 2023-03-28
基金资助
国家级大学生创新训练计划(202210262058);上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(21YF1418800)
Application and research progress of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids in the field of medicine
Received date: 2022-04-27
Accepted date: 2023-01-18
Online published: 2023-03-28
Supported by
National Training Program for College Students′ Innovation(202210262058);Shanghai Sailing Plan(21YF1418800)
自1982年由Seeman首次提出后，DNA纳米结构的开发逐渐完善，其相关材料在生物医学领域得到了长足的发展和广泛的应用。近年来，作为3D DNA纳米结构材料的代表，四面体框架核酸因其良好的生物相容性、可编辑性、高稳定性及易制备性等优势，在生物传感器、肿瘤治疗、抗原检测、再生医学等前沿领域取得了一定的研究进展，具有良好的应用前景。该文简述了四面体框架核酸的相关概念，并从治疗应用的角度总结了四面体框架核酸在以下领域的应用与研究进展：① 生物载体与肿瘤给药，如构建新型自组装复合体改善游离药物药效、搭载小分子RNA减缓癌症进程、自组装复合体精准靶向治疗等。② 调节炎症与免疫应答，如降低炎性因子、治疗炎症性疾病、预防糖尿病、作为免疫调节剂等。③ 促进组织再生，如促进干细胞增殖和分化、促进周围神经再生、通过血管新生促进创面修复等。该综述对四面体框架核酸的研究进展进行了总结，在分析现有研究不足的基础上展望了其应用前景，以期为进一步研究提供参考。
谢莎莎 , 吕叶辉 , 林涧 . 四面体框架核酸在医学领域的应用与研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2023 , 43(3) : 380 -384 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.03.015
Since the first proposal by Seeman in 1982, DNA nanostructures have been gradually improved, and have been widely developed and applied to the field of biomedical fields. In recent years, as a representative of 3D DNA nanostructures, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNA) has made certain research progress and has good application prospects in frontier fields such as biosensors, tumor therapy, antigen detection, regenerative medicine, with the advantages of their good biocompatibility, editability, high stability and easy preparation. This paper briefly describes the concepts of tFNA, and summarizes the applications and research progress of tFNA in the following fields from the perspective of therapeutic applications: ① Building novel self-assembled complexes to improve the efficacy of free drugs, carrying small RNA molecules to slow down tumor progression, and self-assembled complexes for targeted therapy, etc, as biological vectors and tumor drug delivery. ② Regulating inflammation and immune response, such as reducing the level of inflammatory factors, treating inflammatory diseases, preventing diabetes, and acting as immunomodulators, etc. ③ Enhancing tissue regeneration, such as promoting stem cell proliferation and differentiation, stimulating peripheral nerve regeneration, and facilitating wound repair through angiogenesis. This review summarizes the research progress of tFNA, and looks forward to its application prospects based on the analysis of the shortcomings of existing research, in order to provide reference for further research.
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