边缘型人格障碍（borderline personality disorder，BPD）是一种以情绪、自我意识以及人际关系不稳定为特点的人格障碍类型。它与其他精神障碍的共病率非常高，针对BPD症状的干预也可以为缓解其他共病障碍提供帮助，因此BPD成为研究最多的人格障碍之一。以往BPD症状特征主要采用量表测评，其结果容易受主观性和社会赞许性的影响。使用行为学范式对BPD症状的研究能够弥补该缺陷，较准确、客观地测量到相对真实的情境下BPD患者的外显和内隐模式。该文就人际关系不稳定性、情绪不稳定性、自我不稳定性和冲动性4个角度梳理了针对BPD症状特征的行为学研究范式及其进展，比较了不同行为学范式中的结果差异并提出研究可能的发展方向，以期扩大针对BPD患者行为学研究的规模及应用场景。行为学范式结合心理、物理或药物干预方法，以及功能性近红外光谱技术、眼动追踪技术、功能性磁共振成像、事件相关电位等测量方法，可以揭示BPD患者深层的认知和行为模式，增进研究者和精神卫生工作实践者对BPD的思考和理解。

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a type of personality disorder characterized by unstable emotion, self-consciousness and interpersonal relationships. Despite its high comorbidity with other mental disorders, interventions targeting BPD symptoms may aid in the treatment of the comorbid disorders, which makes BPD one of the most investigated personality disorders. Previously, BPD symptom features were mainly measured by standard scales, but the results of these scales would easily be affected by subjectivity or social desirability. One way to address this limitation is the application of behavioral paradigms, which can measure both explicit and implicit patterns of BPD patients in relatively true-to-life scenes more accurately and objectively. This article discusses behavioral paradigms related to four principal symptoms of BPD: interpersonal instability, emotional instability, identity disturbance and impulsivity, compares the differences in the results of these paradigms, and proposes possible directions for future BPD behavioral research, in order to achieve the enlargement of application of these paradigms. Combined with psychological, physical and pharmacal intervention, or other measurements such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), eye tracking technology, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or event-related potential (ERP), these paradigms would be able to uncover the inner cognitive and behavioral patterns of BPD patients, and improve the knowledge and understanding of researchers and mental health practitioners regarding BPD.