目的·探索青少年阻塞性睡眠呼吸障碍（obstructive sleep-disordered breathing，OSDB）与颞下颌关节（temporomandibular joint，TMJ）髁突吸收的相关性。方法·纳入2018年9月至2023年12月首次就诊于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔外科TMJ专家门诊、年龄10~19岁的青少年连续初诊病例。根据打鼾频率是否≥3晚/周，将研究对象分为OSDB组和无OSDB组。收集2组人口统计学信息、上气道相关疾病史、不良舌习惯史和口呼吸习惯史，评估有无TMJ髁突吸收并测量髁突高度。比较上述变量的组间差异，为进一步探索各因素与OSDB的相关性，将差异有统计学意义的变量纳入Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果·研究期间共纳入439例青少年患者，其中OSDB组30例，无OSDB组409例。2组人群基本人口统计学信息差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。腺样体扁桃体疾病史和不良舌习惯史患者在OSDB组中的比例显著高于无OSDB组（P=0.001，P=0.040）。OSDB组TMJ髁突吸收的发生率远高于无OSDB组（P=0.004），OSDB组中患者髁突高度显著低于无OSDB组（P<0.001）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示TMJ髁突吸收（OR=4.837，95%CI 1.889~12.336，P<0.001）及髁突高度下降（OR=0.547，95%CI 0.426~0.678，P<0.001）与OSDB的发生密切相关。结论·TMJ髁突吸收与青少年OSDB的发生密切相关。

Objective ·To investigate the correlation between obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar resorption in adolescents. Methods ·From September 2018 to December 2023, consecutive adolescents (aged 10 to 19 years) who visited the TMJ Clinic at Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, were recruited in the present study. Patients were divided into the OSDB group and the non-OSDB group based on whether the frequency of snoring was ≥3 nights per week. Demographic information, history of upper airway-related diseases, tongue habits, and mouth-breathing habits were collected for both groups. The presence or absence of TMJ condylar absorption was assessed, and condylar height was measured. Intergroup differences in the above variables were compared. To further explore the association between various factors and OSDB, variables with statistical significance in the univariate analysis were included in a logistic regression model for multivariable analysis. Results ·A total of 439 adolescent patients were enrolled during the study period, including 30 cases in the OSDB group and 409 cases in the non-OSDB group. There was no significant difference in demographic information between the two groups (P>0.05). The proportions of patients with a history of adenoid and tonsil diseases and adverse tongue habits in the OSDB group were significantly higher than those in the non-OSDB group (P=0.001 and P=0.040, respectively). The incidence of TMJ condylar resorption was significantly higher in the OSDB group than that in the non-OSDB group (P=0.004), and condylar height in the OSDB group was significantly lower than that in the non-OSDB group (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that condylar resorption (OR=4.837, 95%CI 1.889‒12.336, P<0.001) and decreased condylar height (OR=0.547, 95%CI 0.426‒0.678, P<0.001) were closely associated with the occurrence of OSDB. Conclusion ·These results suggest that TMJ condylar resorption is closely related to the occurrence of OSDB in adolescents.