西方国家前列腺癌的发病率较高，我国的发病率也日渐上升。早期发现对前列腺癌的治疗和预后有很大帮助。目前对前列腺癌的无创诊断方法存在一定局限性；TMPRSS2-ETS融合基因是新发现的与前列腺癌发生相关的生物指标，其中TMPRSS2-ERG是最常见的融合类型，尿液TMPRSS2-ETS融合基因检测有较高的特异度和阳性预测值，对早期发现前列腺癌有一定的价值。文章对TMPRSS2-ETS融合基因在前列腺癌中的研究进展及临床应用前景进行综述。

There is a high incidence of prostate cancer in western countries, and there has been an increasing incidence in China. Early detection of prostate cancer is the key to management and prognosis. There exist limitations in non-invasive diagnostic approaches for prostate cancer. TMPRSS2-ETS fusion gene is a novel biomarker proved to have correlation with prostate cancer, and TMPRSS2-ERG fusion is the most common subtype of ETS fusions. Urinary detection of TMPRSS2-ETS fusion gene has a definite value in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, with higher specificity and positive predictive value. The research progress and clinical implication prospect of TMPRSS2-ETS gene fusion in prostate cancer are reviewed in this paper.