青霉素结合蛋白（PBPs）的改变与β-内酰胺类抗生素的亲和力降低是革兰阳性球菌获得抗生素耐药性的重要机制之一，而在革兰阴性细菌中因PBPs的改变导致耐药的出现却十分少见，这一观点忽视了革兰阴性细菌中PBPs在β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药机制中的作用。文章对PBPs的结构、功能、检测方法及与革兰阴性细菌耐药性的关系等方面的研究进展作一综述。

It has been identified that the modification of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and the reduction of affinity for β-lactams are important mechanisms by which Gram-positive cocci acquire antibiotic resistance. However, among Gram-negative bacteria,the resistance caused by the modification of PBPs has been considered unusual, which neglects the role of PBPs in β-lactams resistance in Gram-negative bacteria.In this paper, the structure, function and research method of PBPs, and the relationship between PBPs and Gram-negative bacterial resistance are reviewed.