体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）技术是不孕症治疗的重大突破，随着卵胞浆内单精子注射、胚胎植入前遗传学诊断等衍生技术的日趋完善和不断突破，IVF-ET已经成为生命科学领域发展最迅猛的技术之一；但目前IVF-ET的周期妊娠率仍徘徊于40%左右。如何提高IVF的成功率是值得深思的问题；同时，卵巢过度刺激综合征、多胎妊娠等并发症的发生也是临床医师需要时刻注意的问题。IVF应遵循简单、经济、有效的原则，在提高妊娠率的同时，应特别关注对其风险进行评估。

In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) technology is a major breakthrough for the treatment of infertility. Along with the maturation and breakthrough of derivative technologies including intracytoplasmic sperm injection and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, IVF-ET has become one of the fastest-growing technologies in life sciences. However, the cycle pregnancy rate of IVF-ET is still hovering around 40%. How to improve the success rate of IVF is worth pondering. Meanwhile, how to reduce or avoid the occurrence of complications such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple gestation pregnancy is the problem that clinicians need to remain vigilant of. In IVF, the simple, economical and effective principle should be followed, and the risk prevention should be particularly concerned about in the process of improving pregnancy rate.