虽然肾脏移植术为肾功能不全晚期患者提供了一种有效的治疗策略，但尚存在供体器官有限、免疫排斥反应和终身服用免疫抑制剂等缺陷。多能干细胞具有无限自我增殖能力及在体内分化成为多种类型细胞的特点，尤其是胚胎干细胞和诱导性多能干细胞可分化为人体内的任何一种细胞，在组织、器官再生方面显示出良好的应用前景。该文主要对多能干细胞在肾脏再生方面的研究进展进行综述。

Although renal transplantation has been proved to be an effective therapeutic strategy for most patients with end-stage renal failure, it is associated with some limitations, including the shortage of donor organs, immune rejection and a lifelong immunosuppressive regimen. Pluripotent stem cells, especially embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, can differentiate into any cell types in the body and show a good prospect of application on tissue and organ regeneration. The research progress of pluripotent stem cells and kidney regeneration is reviewed in this paper.