传统抗菌药物的耐药问题日益突出，促使人们开始寻求更好的新型抗菌物质。噬菌体裂解酶是由双链DNA噬菌体编码、依靠宿主菌合成的酶，其能特异、高效地水解细菌的细胞壁，使细菌裂解死亡。噬菌体裂解酶在体外及动物体内模型实验中显示出良好的杀菌作用，且至今尚无直接对人体产生毒性的报道，噬菌体裂解酶的特性使其在预防、治疗细菌感染方面拥有广阔的应用前景。

At present, there is an urgent need for better novel antibacterial agents due to the dramatic rise in antibiotic resistance among bacteria. Bacteriophage endolysins, encoded by dsDNA phages, synthesized by host bacteria, will result in bacteria death by inducing the lysis of bacteria cell wall specifically and effectively. Studies in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated that endolysins are possessed of strong bactericidal effect without any direct adverse effects, and have broad prospects of application in prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. The prospects of bacteriophage endolysins as antibacterial agents are introduced in this article.