Objective To investigate the effects of solution-focused therapy on the care burden of caregivers of children with vitreous tamponade and care support of nurses. Methods Caregivers of 120 children with vitreous tamponade were randomly divided into the control group and intervention group. The control group adopted routine nursing methods and the intervention group adopted the solution-focused therapy. Caregivers of two groups were investigated and assessed by the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and Nurse Parent Support Tool (NPST) on the admission day and the day before discharge. Results The total score of CBI and scores of five burden dimensions of the intervention group the day before discharge were lower than those of the control group, but the average score of NPST and scores of four support dimensions were higher than those of the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion As a psychological intervention therapy, solution-focused therapy can effectively relieve the care burden of caregivers of children with vitreous tamponade and improve the awareness of caregivers towards the care support of nurses.