Abstract: Idiopathic macular hole (IMH) refers to full thickness defects of retinal neuroepithelial layer in macular area without clear reasons, and par plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling (ILMP) has been routine operation to treat IMH. There are many possible factors influencing the prognosis of surgery, including age, sex, duration of disease, visual acuity before operation, stage and diameter of IMH, various MH index, surgical techniques, dyeing agent, vitreous tamponade, head position after operation, recoverment of ellipsoid zone, and so on. A comprehensive analysis of these prognostic factors could contribute to predict the patients’ recoverment and communicate better with patients. It could also help to exclude confounding factors when the new clinical trials were conducted. Furthermore, more prospective clinical trials are needed to obtain high quality evidence.

Key words: idiopathic macular hole, vitrectomy, prognosis, influence factor