Loading...

Table of Content

    For Selected: Toggle Thumbnails
    Inside front cover
    Original article (Basic research)
    Expression and location of core gene NANOG of stem cells in breast cancer stem cells and non-breast cancer stem cells
    ZHANG Zhi-ying, XU Liang, XU Ying-chun, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  927. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.001

    Abstract ( 817 )   PDF (959KB) ( 1167 )  

    Objective To explore the expression and location differences of core gene NANOG of stem cells in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and non-breast cancer stem cells (Non-BCSCs) as well as the distribution of BCSCs in mammospheres of MCF-7. Methods The expression and localization of NANOG in BCSCs and NonBCSCs were detected by immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and double staining of NANOG and flourescent dye Hoechst33342. Results Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence staining showed that there were two types of cells in MCF-7. Most cells had big bodies and abundant cytoplasm, and NANOG mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. Other cells had small round bodies and less cytoplasm, and NANOG mainly expressed in the nucleus. NANOG and Hoechst33342 immunofluorescence double staining showed that NANOG expressed in the nucleus that could not be stained by Hoechst33342. In cells that the nucleus was stained by Hoechst33342, NANOG mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. The mammospheres were cystic sphere and hollow in center. Cells distributed along the wall of the mammosphere and the wall mainly consisted of 1 to 3 layers of cells. BCSCs mainly distributed in the inner layer of MCF-7 cystic mammospheres. Conclusion NANOG mainly express in the nucleus of BCSCs and the cytoplasm of Non-BCSCs. BCSCs mainly distribute in the inner layer of the cystic mammospheres, which provides the experimental evidence for further research of BCSCs and clinical target therapy of breast cancer.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Induction of MMP2/MMP9 expression of fibroblasts by GM-CSF via JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway
    WANG Yu-xing, YAN Min, PENG Yin-bo, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  933. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.002

    Abstract ( 1111 )   PDF (632KB) ( 1263 )  

    Objective  To investigate the effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP2/MMP9) of human dermal fibroblasts and relevant mechanisms.  Methods  ELISA and Gelatin zymography were adopted to detect concentrations and activity of MMP2/MMP9 in the supernatant of fibroblasts treated by GM-CSF of different concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100, 500 ng/mL). The protein levels of MMP2, MMP9, JNK, p-JNK, c-Jun, and p-c-Jun and mRNA levels of MMP2 and MMP9 of fibroblasts treated by GM-CSF or SP600125+GM-CSF were detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively. The concentrations of MMP2/MMP9 in the supernatant of fibroblasts treated by GM-CSF or SP600125+GM-CSF at different time points (6, 12, 18, and 24 h) were detected by ELISA.  Results  GM-CSF could significantly induce expression and secretion of MMP2/MMP9 of human dermal fibroblasts (P<0.05) and the concentration and activity of secreted MMP2/MMP9 positively correlated with the concentration of GM-CSF. The phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun and the mRNA level of MMP2/MMP9 of fibroblasts treated by GM-CSF were higher than those of controls (P<0.05). The phosphorylation of c-Jun and the mRNA level of MMP2/MMP9 induced by GM-CSF were significantly inhibited after being pretreated by SP600125 (P<0.05). The expression of MMP2/MMP9 of fibroblasts induced by GM-CSF reached the peak at 24 h and gradually decreased from 24 to 48 h (P<0.05). The expression of MMP2 of fibroblasts treated by both SP600125 and GM-CSF was significantly lower than that of controls, while the expression of MMP9 was slightly higher than that of controls.  Conclusion  GM-CSF can induced the expression and secretion of MMP2/MMP9 of fibroblasts by activating the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Synergistic protective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide and ethylene glycol on rat sciatic nerves preserved by vitrification preservation
    XIAO Long, HUANG Ying-ru, LI Yan-jiang, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  940. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.003

    Abstract ( 681 )   PDF (738KB) ( 1091 )  

    Objective To investigate the effects of application of cryoprotectants (CPA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and/or ethylene glycol (EG), on the vitrification preservation of sciatic nerve. Methods Bilateral sciatic nerves of 30 3-month-old male SD rats were harvested and prepared into nerve segments of 15 mm. Nerve segments were preserved in the vitrification solution of different cryoprotectants at -80 ℃ for 4 weeks and divided into the blank control group (no cryoprotants), 10% DMSO group, 20% EG group, and 10% DMSO+20% EG group (n=15). The ultrastructure of sciatic nerves was observed by TEM. The biological activity of sciatic nerves was detected by LSCM after Calcein-AM and PI double staining. Expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 in sciatic nerves were tested by Western blotting. The sciatic nerves preserved for 4 weeks were cultured by DMEM (containing 10% fetal bovine serum) in an incubator with 5% CO2 at 37 ℃ for 7 d. Expressions of NGF and GDNF were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results After sciatic nerves were preserved for 4 weeks, the results of TEM showed that demyelination and axoplasmic atrophy of the blank control group were severe and those of other groups were mild (those of the 10% DMSO+20% EG group were the mildest). The results of LSCM showed that there were weak green fluorescent and strong red fluorescent in the blank control group, strong green fluorescent and weak red fluorescent in the 10% DMSO group and 20% EG group, and the strongest green fluorescent and the weakest red fluorescent in 10% DMSO+20% EG group. The results of Western blotting indicated that the differences of expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 of sciatic nerves being preserved for 4 weeks between the blank control group and other groups, and the 10% DMSO+20% EG group and other groups (except the blank control group) were statistically significant (P<0.05). But the difference between the 10% DMSO group and 20% EG group was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Results of RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the differences of expressions of NGF and GDNF of cultured nerves between the blank control group and other groups, and the 10% DMSO+20% EG group and other groups (except the blank control group) were statistically significant (P<0.05). But the difference between the 10% DMSO group and 20% EG group was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The 10% DMSO or 20% EG can protect the sciatic nerves preserved by vitrification preservation at -80 ℃ and improve the biological activity of the sciatic nerves after vitrification preservation. The combination of 10% DMSO and 20% EG has the synergistic effect.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of polarization of CD4+T cells on inflammation of renal interstitial fibrosis of rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction and relevant mechanisms
    ZHU Zhu, LIU Ying-li, HAN Chao-nan, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  947. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.004

    Abstract ( 848 )   PDF (864KB) ( 1225 )  

    Objective To explore the effects of polarization of CD4+T cells during the course of inflammatory reaction of renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods Twenty-four SD rats that underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, UUO 3 d group, and UUO 7 d group. The degree of fibrosis of renal tissue was observed by H-E and MASSON staining. CD4+T cells in peripheral blood were separated by immunomagnetic beads and cultured for 3 d under the stimulation of CD3/28-IL-2. The in vitro proliferation and polarization of CD4+T cells of rats with UUO and normal rats were compared by flow cytometry. The difference of transcription factor was detected by PCR. Results The fibrosis of renal tissue and infiltration of lymphocytes aggravated and the proliferation of CD4+T cells increased after UUO (P<0.05). Compared with normal rats, IL17A+CD4+T/CD4+T and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+/CD4+T ratios of rats with UUO were higher (P<0.05). Detection of upstream transcription factors of CD4+ T subsets showed that pro-inflammatory genes RORγt and T-bet significantly increased with time after UUO; anti-inflammation gene Gata-3 decreased; and inflammation regulation gene Foxp3 increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Renal interstitial fibrosis can promote CD4+T cell to proliferate and release various pro-inflammatory factors and aggravate inflammatory reaction and disease.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Inhibition effect of expressions of ING4 and/or P53 mediated by adenovirus on growth of human lung adenocarcinoma cell
    HE Feng, LI Shuai, ZHU Xia-xia, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  953. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.005

    Abstract ( 663 )   PDF (1077KB) ( 1311 )  

    Objective To construct recombinant adenovirus vectors carrying Ad.RGD-P53 and/or Ad.RGD-ING4-P53 based on constructed empty vector Ad.RGD and adenovirus Ad.RGD-ING4 and explore the inhibition effect on human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Methods The P53 gene was obtained by PCR and pAd.RGD-P53 and pAd.RGD-ING4-P53 homologous recombinant adenovirus plasmids were constructed. Plasmids were packaged and amplified by using QBI-293A cell and the titer was detected. A549 cells were infected by Ad.RGD, Ad.RGD-ING4, Ad.RGD-P53, and Ad.RGD-ING4-P53, respectively. The efficiency of infection of recombinant adenoviruses towards A549 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Protein expressions of ING4 and/or P53 in A549 and PC-9 cells were detected by Western blotting. The growth of A549 cells was detected by MTT and the apoptosis of A549 and PC-9 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The mRNA expressions of apoptosis related genes Caspase-3, BAX, and BCL-2 in A549 cells were detected by real-time PCR. Results The results of PCR and enzyme digestion showed that pAd.RGD-P53 and pAd.RGD-ING4-P53 homologous recombinant adenovirus plasmids were successfully constructed. The titer detection reached 1×109-1×1010 pfu/mL after being packaged and amplified. The efficiency of infection of recombinant adenoviruses towards A549 cells was 90%-95%. Results of Western blotting showed that ING4 and/or P53 protein successfully expressed in A549 and PC-9 cells. MTT found that ING4 and/or P53 recombinant adenoviruses significantly inhibited the growth of A549 cells. Flow cytometry confirmed that expressions of ING4 and/or P53 could induce the apoptosis of A549 and PC-9 cells. The induction of apoptosis by double gene recombinant adenoviruses was more significant than that of single gene recombinant adenoviruses (P<0.05). Results of real-time PCR showed that expressions of ING4 and/or P53 induced by adenoviruses up-regulated mRNA expressions of Caspase-3 and BAX in A549 cells and down-regulated mRNA expression of BCL-2. The regulation of expressions of Caspase-3, BAX, and BCL-2 by double gene recombinant adenoviruses was more significant than that of single gene recombinant adenoviruses (P<0.05). Conclusion The Ad.RGD-P53 and Ad.RGD-ING4-P53 recombinant adenoviruses were constructed successfully. Expressions of target genes of recombinant adenoviruses can obviously inhibit the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma cells and induce its apoptosis. The effects of double gene recombinant adenoviruses are more significant than those of single gene recombinant adenoviruses. The molecular mechanism may be relevant to up-regulation of expressions of apoptosis related genes Caspase-3 and BAX and down-regulation of expression of BCL-2.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Evaluation of effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells transplantation on treatment of mice with myocardial infarction by Millar pressure-volume conductance catheter system combined with echocardiography
    ZHANG Wen-tian, CHEN Yao, LIAN Feng, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  961. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.006

    Abstract ( 839 )   PDF (1063KB) ( 1205 )  

    Objective   To explore the effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) transplantation on the treatment of mice with myocardial infarction (MI) by Millar pressure-volume conductance catheter system and echocardiography. Methods  A total of 30 mice were randomly divided into the MI group (n=10), MI+BMMNCs treatment group (BMMNCs group, n=10), and sham operation group (n=10). MI model was established for mice of MI and BMMNCs groups. Mice of the BMMNCs group were injected with BMMNCs through caudal vein 4 h after MI model was established. Echocardiography test and Millar pressure-volume conductance catheter test were performed 7 d after MI model was established. Changes of cardiac function indexes of each group were recorded. Slices of cardiac tissue were stained by TTC and the area of MI was observed under optical microscope. Results  Results of Millar pressure-volume conductance catheter test showed that compared with the sham operation group, the cardiac output (CO), left ventricular end-systolic pressure (Pes), dP/dtmax, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of the MI group remarkably decreased (P<0.05), while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (Ped), dP/dtmin, and constant of isovolumetric relaxation (Tau) remarkably increased (P<0.05). CO, Pes, dP/dtmax, and EF of the BMMNCs group were higher than those of the MI group (P<0.05), while Ped, dP/dtmin, and Tau were significantly lower than those of the MI group (P<0.05). The differences of indexes between BMMNCs group and sham operation group were statistically significant (P<0.05). Echocardiography showed that interventricular septum of the MI group and BMMNCs group did not remarkably thicken. But compared with the sham operation group, the left ventricular diameter (LVD) and left ventricular end-diastolic/systolic volume (LVED, LVES) of the MI group and BMMNCs group increased (P<0.05). The observation of TTC stained cardiac tissue slices under optical microscope showed that the area of MI of the MMNCs group was significantly smaller than that of the MI group (P<0.05). Conclusion  Millar pressure-volume conductance catheter and echocardiography can monitor the cardiac function of mice from many aspects, evaluate the improvement of cardiac function by BMMNCs transplantation, and are significant for investigating the changes of cardiac function of mice after the incidence of MI.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of lactadherin on repair of intestinal injury and expression of Toll-like receptor 4 of neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis
    LEI Yi-hui, SHEN Hai-qing, HE Xue-mei, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  967. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.007

    Abstract ( 715 )   PDF (928KB) ( 1134 )  

    Objective  To investigate the effects of lactadherin (MFG-E8) on the repair of intestinal injury and expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) of neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Methods  NEC model was established by a combination of aggressive gavage with formula milk, hypoxia, and cold stress. A total of 30 one-day-old newborn rats were randomly divided into the breast milk group (n=10), NEC model group (N group, n=10), and NEC combined with recombinant human MFG-E8 (rhMFG-E8) group (N+M group, n=10). Based on the NEC model, rats of the N+M group were administrated with 100 μg of rhMFG-E8 daily. Rats were sacrificed after being fed for 96 h. Intestinal morphology was observed. The intestinal ileocecum tissue was collected and histopathological examination and transmission electron microscope (TEM) examination were conducted. TLR4 expression of intestinal ileocecum was detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results  The rhMFG-E8 was capable of improving the intestinal appearance of rats with NEC and significantly decreasing the pathological score and incidence of NEC (P<0.05). The expression of TLR4 of the N+M group was significantly lower than that of the NEC model group (P<0.05). Typical apoptotic cells were not observed in intestinal ultra microstructure of the N+M group. Conclusion  Administration of rhMFG-E8 can significantly decrease the expression of TLR4 and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, maintain the integrity of intestinal barrier, and reduce the incidence of NEC of neonatal rats.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of insulin-induced acute hypoglycemia of rats on incidence of cardiac arrhythmia and expression of connexin 43
    WANG Guang-yu, YE Ting-ting, ZHANG Qing-yong
    2015, 35 (7):  973. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.008

    Abstract ( 651 )   PDF (557KB) ( 1126 )  

    Objective  To investigate the effects of insulin-induced acute hypoglycemia of rats on the incidence of cardiac arrhythmia and expression of myocardial connexin43 (Cx43). Methods  The model of diabetic rat (DM) was established by intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin (STZ). After the model was successfully established, rats were randomly divided into the diabetic hyperglycemia group (DM group, n=9) and diabetic hypoglycemia group (DMHY group, n=9), while the same batch of normal rats were randomly divided into the normal blood glucose group (Sham group, n=9) and hypoglycemia group of normal rats (NHY group, n=9). Rats of the DMHY group and NHY group were transjugularly infused with insulin to induce hypoglycemia. The thorax was opened and arrhythmias was induced by programmed electrophysiological stimulation (PES). Serum epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were measured and expressions of myocardial Cx43 of each group were detected by the Western blotting. Results  Compared with the Sham group, the blood glucose level of the DM group significantly increased, body weight greatly decreased, and the induced rate of ventricular arrhythmias significantly increased (P<0.05). The induced rate of ventricular arrhythmias of the NHY group greatly increased and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the DM group, the induced rate of ventricular arrhythmias of the DMHY group significantly increased and VFT greatly decreased (P<0.05). The descending order of the expression of myocardial Cx43 of each group was that of the Sham group, DM group, NHY group, and DMHY group. The differences between hypoglycemia groups and corresponding non-hypoglycemia groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with corresponding non-hypoglycemia groups (Sham group and DM group), epinephrine and norepinephrine levels of hypoglycemia groups (NHY group and DMHY group) significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion  Insulin-induced acute hypoglycemia contributes to the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and the mechanism may be relevant to the decrease of VFT and myocardial Cx43 expression.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of flurbiprofen axetil on expressions of substance P and neurokinin-1 receptor in muscle of rats with chronic constriction injury of ischiadic nerve
    MAO Hao-li, LIU Chun-fang, XU Hui, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  978. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.009

    Abstract ( 719 )   PDF (706KB) ( 1148 )  

    Objective  To explore the effects of flurbiprofen axetil (FA) on pain threshold and expressions of substance P (SP) and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1-R) in muscle of rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI) of ischiadic nerve. Methods  Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and each group has 6 rats. For group A, rats with CCI of ischiadic nerve were treated by FA (The right ischiadic nerve of rats was exposed and ligated. Behavior changes of rats were observed and pain threshold was measured before operation and 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 d after operation. Rats were injected with FA of 5 mg/kg through tail vein when pain threshold reached peak after operation). For group B, rats with CCI of ischiadic nerve were not treated. For group C, sham operation rats were treated by FA (The ischiadic nerve of rats was exposed but was not ligated. Rats were injected with FA of 5 mg/kg through tail vein after operation). Rats of group D were sham operation rats. Expressions of SP and NK1-R in rat muscle were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results  The pain threshold of groups A and B reached peak 15 d after operation. The pain threshold of group A significantly increased after being treated by FA (P<0.05) and the pain threshold of group C also increased after being treated by FA, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Expressions of SP and NK1-R of group A were weakly positive and those of group B were strongly positive, the difference between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Expressions of SP and NK1-R of group C and group D were weakly positive and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion  The analgesia effect of FA towards chronic pain of ischiadic nerve of rats with CCI of ischiadic nerve is obviously. The mechanism may be relevant to the decrease of expressions of SP and NK1-R in muscle.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of moderate increase of homocysteine caused by methionine load on lipids metabolism of rat liver and possible mechanisms
    SUN Zhen-zhen, PENG Chuan, ZHENG Jin-ying, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  983. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.010

    Abstract ( 831 )   PDF (599KB) ( 1108 )  

    Objective   To explore the effects of the high methionine intake on lipids metabolism of liver and the possible mechanisms. Methods  Twenty healthy 6-week old SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the control group and methionine group. After 2 weeks of acclimation, rats of the control group were fed with standard chow and received PBS gavages, while rats of the methionine group were fed with standard chow and received methionine gavages for 8 weeks. The body weight of rats was measured every week. The samples of blood and liver tissue were collected, the weight of livers was measured, and the organ coefficient was calculated after rats were sacrificed. The liver tissue was sliced and H-E stained and the morphologic observation was performed. Biochemical indexes of serum were detected by automatic biochemical analyzing system. The level of serum homocysteine was detected by ELISA. The gene expression levels of enzymes relevant to lipid metabolism were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. HepG2 cells were cultured in vitro and stained by oil red O. The effects of methionine load or homocysteine treatment on the lipids deposition in HepG2 cell were observed under optical microscope. The change of expression level of n-SREBP1c was detected by Western blotting after being treated by homocysteine. Results The difference of increase of body weight between the control group and methionine group was insignificant, while the organ coefficient of methionine group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Rats of the methionine group developed mild microvesicular steatosis, but no inflammation or obvious hepatic dysfunction was found. Levels of plasma homocysteine, TC, and HDL of the methionine group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The differences of mRNA expressions of Fas, Acc, Scd1, and Cpt1α in the liver tissue between two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Treatment with methionine or homocysteine led to obvious lipids deposition in HepG2 cells. The expression of n-SREBP1c in HepG2 cells significantly increased after being treated by homocysteine. Conclusion   Excessive methionine intake may result in mild hepatic steatosis, which is associated with the increase of homocysteine in blood. Moderate increase of homocysteine level caused by methionine load can effect the lipids metabolism of liver by regulating the activity of a key transcription factor of lipids metabolism of hepatic cells.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Original article (Clinical research)
    Analysis of clinical manifestations and gene mutations of patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome
    LIU Qing-xu, LI Pin
    2015, 35 (7):  990. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.011

    Abstract ( 1266 )   PDF (717KB) ( 1368 )  

    Objective  To investigate the clinical manifestations and gene mutations of androgen receptor (AR) of 13 patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome. Methods  Clinical data of 13 patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome who were treated at the Department of Endocrinology in Shanghai Children’s Hospital from 2012 to 2014 were collected. The peripheral blood of patients was collected. DNA was extracted and AR gene was sequenced.  Results  Six missense mutations of AR gene were found, i.e. c.528C>A (p.S176R), c.170T>A (p.L57Q), c.2567G>A (p. R856H), c.2107T>C (p.S703P), c.2740C>G (p.P914A), and c.2351A>G (p.Q784R). Among them, c.2107T>C (p.S703P), c.2740C>G (p.P914A), and c.2351A>G (p.Q784R) were new mutations. Conclusion  Six missense mutations may all cause diseases and 3 new mutations may lead to complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Value of plasma adrenomedullin level for diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy
    YAN Qi, LU Qi, WANG Yu-dong, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  995. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.012

    Abstract ( 596 )   PDF (423KB) ( 1056 )  

    Objective  To investigate the changes of plasma adrenomedullin (ADM) of patients with early ectopic pregnancy and the value for early diagnose of ectopic pregnancy. Methods  A total of 50 patients with ectopic pregnancy who had menopause for 5-7 weeks were selected as subjects and 140 women with normal singleton pregnancy were selected as controls. All patients were admitted in International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Jiangwan Hospital of Shanghai Hongkou District from March to December 2014. The scatter diagram was plotted and the correlation between ADM level and weeks of menopause were observed. Critical points of ADM were analyzed by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Results  ①Being increase with menopause weeks was the overall trend of plasmatic ADM level of 140 controls and the correlation coefficient r was 0.283 (P<0.05). ②The plasmatic ADM levels of 50 patients with ectopic pregnancy were always low, which did not change a lot with the increase of menopause weeks. The correlation coefficient was 0.186 (P>0.05). ③The multiple of median of 7 menopause weeks of patients was obviously lower than that of controls (P<0.05). ④ROC curves was used to analyze critical points of ADM for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (P>0. 05). Conclusion  The ADM levels of patients with early ectopic pregnancy were low and did not change significantly with the increase of menopause weeks, but using it as an index of early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is not statistically significant (P>0.05).

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Efficiency and safety of argatroban for preventing critical patients from developing deep vein thrombosis
    ZHAO Shi-bing, HE Xian-di, WU Qiang, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  999. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.013

    Abstract ( 736 )   PDF (370KB) ( 1151 )  

    Objective  To investigate the efficiency and safety of argatroban for anticoagulation therapy of critical ill patients. Methods  Prospective randomized controlled study was adopted. A total of 62 patients with high risk of thrombosis who were expected to stay in ICU for more than 7 d were selected and randomly divided into the argatroban group (n=32) and enoxaparin group (n=30). Patients of the argatroban group were intravenously injected with 20 mg of argatroban twice a day for 7 d and patients of the enoxaparin group were injected with 4 000 IU (0.4 mL) of enoxaparin once a day for 7 d. Other drugs and organ support therapy of two groups were the same. Venous blood of two groups was drawn before treatment and at 24 h, 72 h, and in the morning of 7 d after treatment. Coagulation indexes and liver and kidney functions were detected. Color ultrasound examination was conducted to detect whether deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has developed. Clinical symptoms of DVT, bleeding, ICU stay time, and mortality of hospitalization time of 28 d of patients were observed. Results  Prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, and activated partial thromboplastin time of two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those of before treatment. Platelet count, fibrinogen, and D-dime were at low end of normal range. The argatroban group and enoxaparin group met the goal of anticoagulation therapy 24 h and 72 h after treatment, respectively. Both groups met the goal of therapy 7 d after treatment. The differences between two groups at 24 h and 72 h were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the differences between two groups on 7 d were not statistically significant (P>0.05). For the argatroban group, 1 patient developed DVT, 1 patient developed bleeding, and no allergic reactions and liver dysfunction occurred. For the enoxaparin group, 6 patients developed DVT, 4 patients developed bleeding, 1 patient developed allergic reactions, and 1 patient developed liver damage. Compared with the enoxaparin group, the mechanical ventilation time (h) and ICU stay time (d) of the argatroban group were significantly shorter (160.50±30.36 vs 183.60±29.85, 11.41±3.51 vs 15.83±4.95, P<0.05). However, the mortality of hospitalization time of 28 d remained the same. Conclusion  Argatroban can quickly meet the goal of anticoagulation therapy, satisfactorily prevent the development of DVT, and shorten the ICU stay time and mechanical ventilation time with low incidence of adverse events, but does not change the mortality of hospitalization time of 28 d.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of adiponectin on populations of peripheral blood Th17/Treg cells and cytokine levels of patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion
    LI Wei-hong, MOU Xiao-ling
    2015, 35 (7):  1004. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.014

    Abstract ( 681 )   PDF (405KB) ( 1285 )  

    Objective  To investigate the regulating effect of adiponectin on the balance of Th17/regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral blood of patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA). Methods  URSA patients were selected as subjects and healthy nonpregnancy and normal pregnancy women were selected as controls. Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated. The levels of serum adiponectin, interleukin 17 (IL-17), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were detected by ELISA. The populations of Th17/Treg cells were observed by flow cytometry. PBMCs of URSA patients were treated by adiponectin of different concentrations in vitro and the levels of IL-17 and TGF-β in supernatant were detected by ELISA, the change of populations of Th17/Treg cells was observed by flow cytometry, and the mRNA expressions of transcription factors RORγt and FOXP3 were detected by real-time PCR. Results  Serum adiponectin levels of URSA patients significantly decreased and the imbalance of Th17/Treg was found. Adiponectin treatment increased the ratio of Treg cells, decreased the ratio of Th17, increased TGF-β level in culture supernatant, decreased IL-17 level, up-regulated mRNA expression of FOXP3, and down-regulated mRNA expression of RORγt. These effects were all dose-dependent. Conclusion  Deficiency of adiponectin and imbalance of Th17/Treg exist in patients with URSA. Adiponectin treatment in vitro can dose-dependently ameliorate the imbalance of Th17/Treg in PBMC of patients with URSA, suggesting that adiponectin may protect the pregnancy by regulating the balance of Th17/Treg.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of mRNA expressions of ERCC1, RRM1, TYMS, and TUBB3 of NSCLC patients with wild-type EGFR on efficacy and prognosis of chemotherapy
    SHI Qin, CHEN Qun, XIE Qiang, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1010. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.015

    Abstract ( 1126 )   PDF (474KB) ( 1142 )  

    Objective  To jointly detect the differences of mRNA expressions of ERCC1, RRM1, TYMS, and TUBB3 of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with wild type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and explore the effects of expressions of 4 genes on the efficacy and prognosis of chemotherapy. Methods  Patients with wild type EGFR were screened by xTAG liquid phase chip method from samples of 353 NSCLC patients. The mRNA expression levels of 4 genes were detected by real-time PCR. Patients with wild type EGFR were divided into the high expression group (expressions of 4 genes were high) and low expression group (expressions of 4 genes were low). The median progression free survival and median overall survival of two groups were compared after chemotherapy. Results  A total of 227 NSCLC patients with wild type EGFR were screened. The differences of mRNA expression levels of 4 genes of patients were not statistically significant (P>0.05) except differences between smoking and non-smoking patients. There were 27 patients in the high expression group and 53 patients in the low expression group. The differences of the objective remission rate (ORR) (14.8% vs 41.5%, P<0.05), disease control rate (DCR) (40.7% vs 81.1%, P<0.05), median progression free survival (3.3 m vs 4.9 m, P=0.001), and median overall survival (7.1 m vs 8.1 m, P=0.048) of two groups were statistically significant. Cox multivariate analysis showed that the high expression of 4 genes was independent risk factor of prognosis for NSCLC patients with wild type EGFR after chemotherapy (HR=1.92;95%CI: 1.10-3.42). Conclusion  High mRNA expressions of ERCC1, TYMS, TUBB3, and RRM1 in cancer tissue of NSCLC patients with wild type EGFR indicate that they are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Joint detection of expressions of 4 genes is helpful for choosing chemotherapy plans.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Systematic evaluation of risk factors of multi-drug resistant organisms infection after liver transplantation
    YANG Fu, CHEN Lan, FANG Fang, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1015. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.016

    Abstract ( 830 )   PDF (439KB) ( 1063 )  

    Objective  To systematically assess the risk factors of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs) infection after liver transplantation and provide evidences for preventing and controlling the infection. Methods We searched the PubMed, OVID, Cochrane Database, Google scholar, CBMdisc, CNKI (literature published before December, 2013 was retrieved), and Internet to collect  prospective and retrospective studies at home and abroad on risk factors of MDROs infection after liver transplantation. Literature was screened and data were extracted by two reviewers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of studies was evaluated according to Newcastle-Ottawa Scale evaluation standard and Meta analysis was performed by STATA 12 software. Results  A total of 5 cohort studies and 1 case-control study were included. The results of Meta analysis showed that hepatic encephalopathy Ⅱ-Ⅳ, drug-resistant bacteria colonization and application of antibacterial drugs before transplantation, hematodialysis, complications after transplantation (renal dysfunction and biliary complication), ICU staying time and prolonging endotracheal tube time (72 h), and reoperation were risk factors of MDROs infection after liver transplantation. Conclusion  Besides enhancing hand hygiene and management and application of clinical antibiotics, further improving the monitoring of patients during the perioperative period, shortening ICU stay time, removing the endotracheal tube as early as possible, and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications should be performed in order to reduce MDROs infection after liver transplantation.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Study on relevant factors of maximum standard uptake value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for lung cancer
    WANG Shao-yan, WANG Hui, ZUO Chang-jing, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1023. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.017

    Abstract ( 965 )   PDF (368KB) ( 9961 )  

    Objective  To investigate the relationship between maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax)  and clinicopathological features of lung cancer with PET/CT scan. Methods  A total of 82 patients with lung cancer who were confirmed by pathology underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before therapy. The SUVmax of the focus was measured and recorded by region of interest (ROI) technique. SPSS 11.5 was used to statistically analyze the relationship between SUVmax and clinical factors, including gender, age, diameter of tumor (maximum value), pathological type, clinical staging, differentiation, etc. Results  Among 82 cases of lung cancer, 52 were adenocarcinoma, 23 were squamous cell carcinoma, and 7 were small cell cancer. The descending order of SUVmax of different pathological types was that of squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. The difference of SUVmax of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma was statistically significant (P<0.05). Tumors were divided into ≥3 cm group and <3 cm group. The differences of SUVmax of different pathological types of the <3 cm group were statistically significant (F=18.5, P<0.01). The differences of SUVmax of different pathological types of the ≥3 cm group were not statistically significant (F=0.45,P=0.72). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed the SUVmax positively correlated with the maximum diameter of tumor and negatively correlated with the differentiation of tumor. The differentiation and diameter of tumor were multicollinear with SUVmax. After the diameter factor was adjusted, the regression model showed that the differentiation of tumor was the significant influencing factor (β=0.618, t=7.52, P<0.05), while staging and pathological type did not significantly affect the SUVmax. Conclusion  The SUVmax of lung cancer focus is relevant to the maximum diameter and differentiation of tumor, which are multicollinear with SUVmax. After the diameter factor has been adjusted, multivariate analysis shows that the differentiation of tumor is the significant influencing factor of SUVmax, while staging and pathological type do not significantly affect the SUVmax.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Expression of Musashi-1 in endometrioid adenocarcinoma and its value for evaluating the prognosis
    DING Wen-jing, MA Li, TENG Yin-cheng, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1028. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.018

    Abstract ( 649 )   PDF (697KB) ( 1103 )  

    Objective  To evaluate the expression of Musashi-1 in endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its value for assessing the prognosis. Methods  The mRNA expressions of Musashi-1 of 35 EAC samples and 15 normal endometrium samples were detected by real-time PCR. The protein expressions of Musashi-1 of 148 EAC samples and 20 normal endometrium samples were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between Musashi-1 expression and survival rate of patients was analyzed. The value of Musashi-1 expression for predicting the prognosis of EAC was evaluated according to clinicopathological indexes. Results  The mRNA expression of Musashi-1 of EAC tissues was significantly higher than that of normal endometrium tissues (P<0.01). Musashi-1 expression correlated with tumor stage, grade, and vascular invasion (χ2=6.276, P<0.01; χ2=26.957 P<0.01; χ2=9.091, P<0.01). The survival rate of patients with positive expression of Musashi-1 was significantly lower than that of patients with negative expression (HR=2.073, P<0.01). Conclusion  The Musashi-1 expression of EAC is high and negatively correlates with the prognosis of EAC. Musashi-1 can be used as an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of EAC and may be a new target for cancer treatment.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Analysis of risk factors of incidence of radiation dermatitis on chest wall of patients underwent postmastectomy radiotherapy
    ZHANG Shun-kang, CHEN Gang
    2015, 35 (7):  1034. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.019

    Abstract ( 705 )   PDF (387KB) ( 1019 )  

    Objective  To prospectively observe the incidence of radiation dermatitis (RD) on the chest wall of patients underwent postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) and analyze risk factors relevant to the incidence of RD. Methods  The prospective cohort analysis was performed for 786 female patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ breast cancer who underwent PMRT. The skin of chest wall was observed and assessed weekly from the beginning of PMRT. The primary endpoint was 90 days after PMRT and the secondary endpoint was the incidence of Grade 1-3 RD symptoms defined by CTCAE v4.03. Results  The accumulative incidence of RD within 90 d after PMRT was 30.2% (n=237) and 184 of them developed RD during PMRT and 53 of them developed RD after PMRT. Multivariate analysis indicated that diabetes, obesity, and the use of skin bolus were correlated with the incidence of RD. Conclusion   Diabetes, obesity, and the use of skin bolus are risk factors of RD on the chest wall of patients underwent PMRT. Especially diabetes and the use of skin bolus significantly correlate with the incidence of grade 2-3 RD. Evaluation of relevant risk factors and carefully considering about the use of skin bolus before determining the radiotherapy plan are helpful for reducing the risk of developing RD of patients underwent PMRT.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Comparison of two stroke recognition methods “Suddens” and “FAST”
    TANG Yan, YANG Juan, HE Lan-ying, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1040. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.020

    Abstract ( 896 )   PDF (271KB) ( 1176 )  

    Objective  To compare the capability of two stroke recognition methods “Suddens” and “FAST” for identifying warning signs of stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods  Cases of stroke/TIA that were consecutively admitted in hospital were selected. The initial symptoms of patients were obtained from medical records. Results  A total of 1 877 patients with stroke/TIA were collected and initial symptoms of 19.6% of them could not be included in “FAST”, while initial symptoms of 0.5% of them could not be included in the “Suddens”. “Suddens” identified all ischemic stroke and missed 1.8% of TIA, 1.1% of the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and 1.2% of the subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). “FAST” missed 7.3% of the ischemic stroke, 12.7% of the TIA, 23.5% of the ICH, and 94.5% of the SAH. Conclusion  “FAST” can identify most stroke/TIA, but the recognition ability is inferior to “Suddens”. The recognition ability of “FAST” towards ischemic stroke and TIA is better than that towards ICH and the recognition ability towards SAH is very poor.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Original article (Public health)
    Analysis of condom usage of migrant construction workers in Pudong New District, Shanghai and its influencing factors
    ZHANG Zhan, WANG Ying, LI Rui, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1044. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.021

    Abstract ( 817 )   PDF (468KB) ( 1216 )  

    Objective  To survey the condom usage of migrant construction workers when involved in commercial sex in Pudong New Area, Shanghai and analyze the influencing factors based on social cognitive theory. Methods  The cluster random sampling method was adopted and questionnaire surveys were carried out among 1 850 migrant construction workers from 3 randomly chosen construction sites. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to explore social cognitive factors influencing the condom usage during commercial sex, including the knowledge of AIDS, self-efficacy, skills, and strategies of condom usage, psychosocial problems, and condom availability. Results  Among 1 850 migrant construction workers who finished the survey, 459 (24.8%) of them admitted having involved in commercial sex, which was relevant to residential location, income, and sexual orientation. Among those who had involved in commercial sex, only 51 (11.1%) of them used condoms each time. The univariate analysis showed that social cognitive factors such as cognition related to AIDS prevention, self-efficiency, skills, and strategies of condom usage, and condom availability were relevant to persistent condom usage (P<0.05). Cognition related to AIDS prevention (ORm=1.51, 95%CI=1.29-1.76), self-efficiency of condom usage (ORm=1.29, 95%CI=1.07-1.55), and condom availability (ORm=1.79, 95%CI=1.19-2.70) that determined the condom usage during commercial sex were screened by the multivariate Logistic stepwise regression analysis. Conclusion  There is a high prevalence of commercial sex involvement and relatively low proportion of condom usage among migrant construction workers in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. Education on cognition related to AIDS prevention, self-efficiency of condom usage, and condom availability should be enhanced for this population in order to decrease the risk of sexual transmitted diseases and AIDS infections.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Condom usage of unmarried female migrant workers in Shanghai and relevant influencing factors
    GU Xie-cheng, WANG Yi-chen, CAI Bo, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1051. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.022

    Abstract ( 695 )   PDF (387KB) ( 1122 )  

    Objective  To investigate the condom usage of unmarried female migrant workers in Shanghai during sexual intercourse and relevant influencing factors according to social cognition theory. Methods  A total of 1 154 unmarried female migrant workers from 3 factories in 3 districts of Shanghai were selected and the questionnaire survey was conduct by using the cluster sampling method. After demographic information was corrected, social cognition factors was analyze by Logistic regression, including correlations between condom usage and prevention knowledge of HIV/AIDS, self-efficacy and skill and strategy of condom usage, and psychosocial problems. Results  Among 1 154 unmarried female migrant workers who completed questionnaires, 482 (41.8%) of them  had sexual intercourses during past 6 months. Only 61 (12.7%) of them used condom consistently. After demographic information was corrected, univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that factors relevant to condom usage were self-efficacy of condom usage (AOR=1.86; 95%CI=1.15-3.01), skill and strategy of condom usage (AOR=10.86; 95%CI=6.21-19.00), and self-esteem (AOR=2.11; 95%CI=1.34-3.31) Multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analysis showed that self-esteem (ORm=1.96, 95%CI=1.18-3.24) and skill and strategy of condom usage (ORm=10.16, 95%CI=5.78-17.87) determined the condom usage. Conclusion  The rate of condom usage of unmarried female migrant workers in Shanghai is low. Self-esteem and skill and strategy of condom usage should be improved to promote safe sexual intercourse and decrease reproductive and health risks such as AIDS.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Analysis of experience of medical care of inpatients in private hospital in Chongqing and its determinants
    TAN Hua-wei, CHEN Fei, ZHANG Pei-lin, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1056. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.023

    Abstract ( 750 )   PDF (353KB) ( 1202 )  

    Objective  To investigate the experience of medical care of inpatients in private hospital in Chongqing and its determinants. Methods  The two-stage random sampling was adopted and questionnaire survey was conduct for 600 inpatients from 20 large private hospitals in major districts of Chongqing. General socioeconomic characteristics, perceived service quality, and overall evaluation of medical care were surveyed. A modified SERVQUAL scale was used to evaluate the quality of medical services. SPSS 21.0 software was used to perform descriptive statistical analysis, exploratory factor analysis, Chi-square test, and ordinal Logistic regression. Results  A total of 552 valid questionnaires were returned and the overall score of experience of medical care of inpatients was 2.45±0.59. Ordinal Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, education level, average monthly household income, prevalence of choice, reliability, responsiveness, and cost were major determinants for evaluating the experience of medical care of inpatients (P<0.05). Conclusion  The overall score of experience of medical care of inpatient in private hospitals in Chongqing is relatively high and should be improved. Managers of private hospitals should take efficient measures to improve the experience of medical care of inpatients according to relevant determinants.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Evaluation of feasibility, reliability, and validity of Chinese version of German Questionnaire for Subjective Life Quality of Residents in Nursing Homes
    LIANG Tong-tong, ZHANG Wei-wei, YUE Ling, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1062. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.024

    Abstract ( 721 )   PDF (426KB) ( 1104 )  

    Objective  To investigate the feasibility, reliability and validity of applying the Chinese version of German Questionnaire for the Subjective Life Quality of Inhabitants in Nursing Homes to the evaluation of the subjective life quality of inhabitants in Shanghai nursing homes. Methods  Stratified cluster sampling was adopted and a total of 330 inhabitants of nursing homes were surveyed by the questionnaire. Among them, 56 respondents were resurveyed. The feasibility, reliability of internal consistence and retest, structural validity, standard correlation validity, and discriminant validity of the questionnaire were evaluated. Results  The mean time for respondents to complete the questionnaire was (24.14±9.53) min (<30 min) and the feasibility was satisfactory. The reliability coefficient of internal consistence (Cronbach’α) was 0.776 and Cronbach’α coefficients of all domains were >0.7, which indicated that the reliability of internal consistence was satisfactory and could be used for the survey of life quality. The test-retest correlation coefficient of total score was 0.698 (P<0.001). In confirmatory factor analysis, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.080 and comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.601 (χ2=2 931.5,P<0.001), which meant that the results of survey met the purpose of questionnaire and the structural validity was satisfactory. The life satisfaction evaluated by respondents was adopted as the criterion and the correlation coefficient between the total score of life quality and life satisfaction was 0.234 7 (P<0.001), indicating the total score of life quality positively correlated with life satisfaction and the standard correlation validity was acceptable. The results of nonparametric test showed that different moods significantly affected the total score of life quality of respondents (χ2=7.961,P<0.001). Cohen’s d values of any two adjacent levels were greater than 0.5, which showed that the discriminant validity was satisfactory. Conclusion  The feasibility, reliability of internal consistence and retest, structural validity, and discriminant validity of Chinese version of German Questionnaire for the Subjective Life Quality of Inhabitants in Nursing Homes are satisfactory and the standard correlation validity is acceptable. However, further research in more areas should be conducted before it can be widely used.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Review
    Research advances of skeletal muscle ion channelopathies
    LIU Xiao-li, TANG Hui-dong, CAO Li
    2015, 35 (7):  1068. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.025

    Abstract ( 820 )   PDF (427KB) ( 1397 )  

    Mutations of genes encoding the calcium, sodium, chloride, and potassium channels of human skeletal muscles can result in two skeletal muscle ion channelopathies, i.e. the periodic paralyses and nondystrophic myotonias. Periodic paralyses include hyper and hypokalemic periodic paralysis, thyrotoxichypokalaemic periodic paralysis, and Andersen-Tawil syndrome. The nondystrophic myotonias involve myotoniacongenita, paramyotoniacongenita, and sodiumchannel myotonias. Hereditary factor is one of important reasons leading to skeletal muscle ion channelopathies. Molecular genetic studies have found 7 related disease-causing genes, including SCN4A, CACNA1S, KCNJ2, KCNJ5,CLCN1, KCNJ18, and KCNE3. This paper reviews research advances of clinical characteristics and disease-causing genes of skeletal muscle ion channelopathies.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Research advances of isolated single umbilical artery being an indication for referring to fetal echocardiography
    WANG Jian, SUN Kun
    2015, 35 (7):  1074. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.026

    Abstract ( 717 )   PDF (365KB) ( 1135 )  

    Single umbilical artery (SUA) is relevant to the increasing incidence of various congenital malformations, especially the congenital heart disease, and has been regarded as an indication for referring to fetal echocardiography. However, whether isolated single umbilical artery (iSUA) without extracardiac abnormalities should be referred to fetal echocardiography is still controversial. This paper reviewed the correlation between SUA and congenital malformation, summarized recent perspectives about whether iSUA should be referred to fetal echocardiography, analyzed current status and research advances of referral of fetal echocardiography at home and abroad, and provided a reference for whether isolated iSUA should be an indication for referring to fetal echocardiography.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    A new target of antiplatelet therapy: glycoprotein Ⅵ
    CHEN Yi-zhu, ZHANG Jun-feng
    2015, 35 (7):  1078. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.027

    Abstract ( 711 )   PDF (275KB) ( 1317 )  

    Antiplatelet therapy plays a significant role in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Now there are many drugs available for clinical application, but the curative effect is unsatisfactory. Complications such as bleeding are major problems. So it is urgent to find efficient and safe new drugs. Glycoprotein Ⅵ (GP Ⅵ) is one of the many receptors on platelet membrane and is also a new direction for developing antithrombotic drugs. This paper reviews studies relevant to GP Ⅵ.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Physiological functions of oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase and relevant research advances
    ZHAO Xuan, SUN Yue-ping
    2015, 35 (7):  1082. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.028

    Abstract ( 1498 )   PDF (364KB) ( 1189 )  

    Oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) is an enzyme that widely presents in organisms and performs a variety of physiological functions including promoting the generation of bile acid from cholesterol, metabolizing excessive oxysterol hormones, regulating the signaling pathway mediated by estrogen receptor, and regulating the immune system by acting on different substrates in different tissues. Recent studies show that the defection of CYP7B1 directly correlates with spastic paraplegia type 5 (SPG5) and congenital liver failure. This paper reviews physiological functions of CYP7B1 and relevant research advances.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Case report
    Report of a case of invasive aspergillus tracheobronchitis combined with alveobronchiolitis and without immune deficiency
    HUANG Jing, SHEN Qing, WEN Xiu-fang, et al
    2015, 35 (7):  1087. 
    doi: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.029

    Abstract ( 780 )   PDF (531KB) ( 1103 )  

    Objective  To explore the clinical characteristics of invasive aspergillus tracheobronchitis (IATB) combined with alveobronchiolitis and improve the understanding of this disease. Methods  Clinical data of an IATB patient with alveobronchiolitis and without immune deficiency was reported and analyzed. Literature was reviewed to investigate the clinical manifestations and bronchoscopic characteristics. Results  A 46 year-old female patient was admitted to the tolaryngology department due to hoarseness for 10 d and aggravation of breathing difficulty for 6 d. Clinical fiberoptic examination showed that white pseudomembrane attached to bilateral subglottis. Lung CT showed right middle lobe atelectasis and irregular flake density shadow in right middle lobe and lower lobe. On the second day of admission, the patient was transferred to the Department of Respiratory Medicine due to dyspnea. Bronchoscopy examination discovered more white attachment around the main airways 2-3 cm from glottis. Pathological examination showed a large number of Aspergillus hyphae and the patient was diagnosed with IATB combined with pneumonia. After 30 d of treatment by voriconazole, the symptoms of patient almost disappeared and the focus was absorbed. Literature review indicated that most IATB patients were ones with serious immune deficiency and IATB could also invade people with mild low immune function and health people. Conclusion  The awareness of people with mild or no immune deficiency who develop invasive aspergillosis should be improved. If the reason of severe coughing and dyspnea of patients is unknown, IATB is a possible diagnosis. Timely diagnosis procedure should be performed and bronchoscopy examination should be conducted ASAP to determine the diagnosis. Tracheobronchial pseudomembrane should be histologically examined and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) should be examined by PCR in order to improve the positive rate.

    Related Articles | Metrics