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Influence of cathepsin S deficiency on development of communicating hydrocephalus in mice induced by kaolin#br# LIU Feng-di, ZHAO Rong, SHI Yan-hui, LI Ge-fei, WU Yi-lan, ZHUANG Mei-ting, YIN Jia-wen, DU Xiao-xia, ZHOU Jia-jun, LIU Jian-ren    2017, 37 (10): 1342-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2017.10.006 Abstract （1669）      PDF（pc） （6744KB）（91122）       Knowledge map    Save  Objective · To evaluate the influence of cathepsin S(CatS) on the severity of communicating hydrocephalus in a kaolin injected mouse model.  Methods · Kaolin suspension was injected to 8 CatS knock-out (CatS -/-) mice and 12 wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice through cisterna magna to establish communicating hydrocephalus mouse model. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used before and 1 week after kaolin injection to compare lateral ventricular volume. Lateral ventricular index was calculated to analyze the severity of hydrocephalus.  Results · One week after kaolin injection, 1 in CatS -/- group and 2 in WT group died. The mortality rate was 12.5% each and there was no significant difference (P=1.000). MRI results showed varying degrees of ventriculomegaly in both groups. Lateral ventricular index of CatS -/-group (n=8) and WT group (n=16) before kaolin injection was 0.05±0.01 and 0.04±0.01 respectively (P=0.720). One week after kaolin injection, lateral ventricular index of CatS-/- group (n=7) and WT group (n=14) was 0.13±0.02 and 0.11±0.01 respectively (P=0.950). In each group, in 71.4% of mice, lateral ventricular index enlarged twice or more.  Conclusion · One week after kaolin injection into cisterna magna, lateral ventricles enlarges obviously, indicating hydrocephalus occurs, with high success rate. CatS gene deficiency has no significant influence on the development of communicating hydrocephalus. Related Articles | Metrics

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Reliability and validity of Chinese version of Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form Revised in the inpatients with schizophrenia CHEN Ru-meng, CHEN Jian-hua, XU Yi-feng    2018, 38 (12): 1494-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.12.018 Abstract （997）      PDF（pc） （6724KB）（43590）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form Revised (WAI-SR) in the hospitalized schizophrenics. Methods · A sample of 124 inpatient schizophrenics who were diagnosed according to International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision in Shanghai Mental Health Center and collectedconvenience sampling, were interviewedquestionnaire. Item analysis, internal consistency, construct validity and criterion validity were tested using total sample. Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire-15 (PDRQ-15) and Chinese version of Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale (WFPTS) were used as criteria to test criterion validity. Results · Exploratory factor analysis extracted two dimensions labeled “goal and task” and “affective bond”, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 63.99%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two-factor model had higher adjusted goodness of fit index. The scores of scale and its two dimensions exhibited positive correlations with PDRQ-15 and WFPTS (r0.324-0.726, P<0.01). The internal consistency of the scale (Cronbachs α coefficient) was 0.864, and split-half reliability was 0.919. Conclusion · The Chinese version of WAI-SR is accepin reliability and validity and can be recommended for alliance assessment in the inpatients with schizophrenia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on application of echocardiography in cardiac assessment for hypertensive children WU Yu-jian, SUN Kun    2018, 38 (12): 1489-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.12.017 Abstract （810）      PDF（pc） （8200KB）（23234）       Knowledge map    Save The detection rate of childhood hypertension is on the rise all over the world and the damage of hypertension to heart has been paid enormous attention for its direct influence on prognosis. Echocardiography is routinely used to evaluate cardiac structure and function. On the basis of the traditional techniques, some new ultrasound imaging techniques have continuously applied in clinic in recent years and shown their respective advantages and values. This article reviewed the application and progress of echocardiography in cardiac assessment for hypertensive children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on relevant factors of maximum standard uptake value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for lung cancer WANG Shao-yan, WANG Hui, ZUO Chang-jing, et al    DOI: 11.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2015.07.017

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Preliminary study of exenatide-induced pancreatic tissue injury in rats TANG Hua-yong, YU Xiao, YANG Yong-chao, et al    2011, 31 (4): 421-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2011.04.008 Abstract （2082）      PDF（pc） （6217KB）（9668）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the pancreatic tissue injury induced by exenatide in rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into exenatide-induced group and blank control group, with 15 rats in each group. Rats in exenatide-induced group were subcutaneously injected with exenatide at the dose of 5 μg/kg twice a day for 10 weeks, and those in blank control group were injected with the same amount of normal saline. Rats were then sacrificed, blood samples were obtained from inferior vena, and pancreatic tissues were harvested. Serum levels of amylase, lipase, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and contents of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in pancreatic tissues were measured by ELISA, pancreatic wet/dry ratios were calculated, HE staining and histopathological scoring of pancreatic tissues were performed, and microstructure of pancreatic tissues were observed by electron microscopy. Results There was no significant difference in serum levels of amylase, lipase, IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α between two groups （P>0.05）. The content of MOP in exenatide-induced group was significantly higher than that in blank control group [（0.24±0.07）U/L vs （0.18±0.05）U/L]（P<0.05）, and the pancreatic wet /dry ratio in exenatide-induced group was significantly lower than that in blank control group (0.183±0.049 vs 0.256±0.064) （P<0.05）. HE staining demonstrated that there were 5 pancreatic tissue samples with chronic inflammation in exenatide-induced group, while there were no chronic inflammatory changes in blank control group. Histopathological scoring of pancreatic tissues revealed that except for the parameter of gland atrophy, there were significant differences in the parameters of lesion area, fibrosis, inflammation and edema between two groups （P<0.05）. It was observed by electronic microscopy that there were karyopyknosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization, wide intercellular gap and infiltration of inflammatory cells for pancreatic acinar cells in exenatide-induced group, while there was no obvious abnormality in blank control group. Conclusion Long-term administration of exenatide may lead to chronic pancreatic inflammation and pancreatic tissue injury in rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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2017, 37 (10): 1-.   Abstract （1099）      PDF（pc） （3910KB）（4780）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of effect of carotenoids on maternal and child health WU Ke1, SUN Han-xiao2, CAI Mei-qin1    2019, 39 (8): 929-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.021 Abstract （773）      PDF（pc） （7354KB）（4333）       Knowledge map    Save Early life nutrition plays an important role in determining the pregnancy outcomes and offspring lifelong health. Carotenoids deficiency is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia, premature delivery and intrauterine growth restriction. Carotenoids possess antioxidant, inflammation modulating and immune-enhancing properties and promote visual, cognitive and respiratory health in offsprings. Among carotenoids, α-carotene, β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin can be transformed into vitamin A in vivo, and their conversion rates are affectedthe nutritional status of vitamin A. Lutein and zeaxanthin are highly enriched in the brain and retina of infants and young children, which are closely related to the development of visual acuity and cognitive function. Breast milk contains an adequate level of lutein and its absorption rate is significantly higher than that of infant formulas. Consequently lutein supplementation is necessary for artificially fed infants, especially premature infants. In this paper, the functional research progresses of carotenoids related to adverse pregnancy outcomes and offspring development, as well as the present situation of carotenoids supplementation in formula were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical simulation of influence of wall elasticity of patient-specific carotid bifurcation on hemodynamics QIU Xiao-ning, FEI Zhi-min, ZHANG Jue, et al    2011, 31 (11): 1554-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2011.11.011 Abstract （1793）      PDF（pc） （8599KB）（3997）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the relationship between bifurcation carotid atherosclerosis and hemodynamics by analysing the influence of carotid artery elastic wall deformation on hemodynamics. Methods A carotid bifurcation model was developed by Mimics software through three-dimensional reconstruction of CT medical images. Three-dimensional flows of rigid wall model and elastic wall model were numerically simulated through computational fluid dynamics. The differences between rigid and elastic models were analysed by comparing hemodynamic parameters such as wall displacement, Von Mises stress, time average wall shear stress (TAWSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI). Results For elastic model, although the differences between distributions of carotid artery velocity and wall shear stress were not significant, the velocity and wall shear stress of carotid artery decreased significantly compared to rigid model. It was revealed that the maximum velocity and TAWSS in elastic model decreased 14% and 11.8% respectively. The flow in carotid artery became more complicated due to the disturbance of wall deformation. Conclusion Wall elasticity has important influence on the hemodynamics of carotid bifurcation, and the elastic wall is more suitable for simulating flows in carotid artery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of citalopram on electrophysiological properties of cardiac myocytes WANG Kai-li, LI Ci-zhen, YANG Zhi-fang, et al    2009, 29 (8): 926-.   Abstract （2191）      PDF（pc） （5488KB）（3769）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the influence of citalopram on the fast response action potential, slow response action potential, in vitro electrocardiogram (ECG) and in vivo ECG of cardiac myocytes, and explore its mechanism of  adverse cardiac effects. Methods Conventional microelectrode technique was employed to record the fast and slow response action potentials of the isolated papillary muscles of guinea pigs. In vivo and in vitro ECG were recorded from anesthetized animals and Langendorff-perfused hearts, respectively. Results Citalopram could prolong the RR interval and QRS duration of in vivo ECG. The premature ventricular contraction and atrial ventricular block were induced by 12.5×10-6 mol/L citalopram. The maximum ascending velocity of 0 phase (Vmax), action potential amplitude (APA) and action potential duration (APD50 and APD90) were dosedependently decreased by citalopram in the fast and slow response action potentials of guinea pigs, respectively. Conclusion Citalopram can inhibit sodium and calcium channels effectively, which may be the ionic mechanism that citalopram induces arrhythmia in the clinical practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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2017, 37 (11): 3-.   Abstract （752）      PDF（pc） （3593KB）（3483）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Protective effects of lung ischemic preconditioning prior to deep hypothermic circulatory arrest on lung tissues DONG Li-ya, YE Yi-zhou, ZHOU Li-jin, et al    2010, 30 (7): 769-.   Abstract （1963）      PDF（pc） （6310KB）（3463）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the protective effects of lung ischemic preconditioning in deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) on lung tissues. Methods Eighteen piglets were randomly divided into ischemic preconditioning group (n=6), joint preconditioning group (ischemic and anoxemic preconditioning, n=6) and control group (no preconditioning, n=6). Values of lung static compliance, pulmonary vascular resistance index, lung wet weight to dry weight ratio and left atrium to pulmonary artery ratios of plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-10 levels (relative contents of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-10) before and after cardiopulmonary bypass were measured in each group, and lung tissues were harvested for observations of pulmonary edema and inflammatory cell infiltration under light microscopy with HE staining. Results There was no significant difference in each parameter among groups before cardiopulmonary bypass. After cardiopulmonary bypass, lung static compliance of joint preconditioning group was higher than that of the other two groups (P<0.05), pulmonary vascular resistance index and relative contents of IL-8 and IL-10 in ischemic preconditioning group and joint preconditioning group, and lung wet weight to dry weight ratio in joint preconditioning group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Compared with those before cardiopulmonary bypass, lung static compliance decreased, lung wet weight to dry weight ratio increased, and relative contents of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-10 increased in three groups after cardiopulmonary bypass (P<0.05 for all), and pulmonary vascular resistance index increased in control group and ischemic preconditioning group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in pulmonary vascular resistance index before and after cardiopulmonary bypass in joint preconditioning group (P>0.05). Histological observations indicated that the pulmonary edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in joint preconditioning group were less severe than those in the other two groups. Conclusion Lung ischemic preconditioning may reduce ischemic reperfusion injury during DHCA, and lung ischemic and anoxemic preconditioning may yield better protective effects than single ischemic preconditioning. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of human recombinant Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression vectors and their expression in ovarian cancer cells WANG Yu, XIAO Shi-jin, ZHAO Ai-min    2010, 30 (7): 797-.   Abstract （1916）      PDF（pc） （5296KB）（3137）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To construct human Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression vectors and transfect human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3, and observe the expression of Oct3/4 in SKOV3 cells. Methods Destination gene (Oct3/4) cDNA products were obtained by amplification with RT-PCR. Human recombinant Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression vectors pcDNA3.1-Oct3/4 were constructed by pcDNA3.1 vector plasmid, and were identified by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequence analysis. Recombinant plasmid was transfected into SKOV3 cells with Lipofectamine 2000, and SKOV3 cells transfected with empty vectors and those without transfection were served as transfection control group and negative control group, respectively. Stable transfection cells were screened by G418 (neomycin), and Western blotting was employed to detect the relative expression of Oct3/4 protein in cells. Results Destination gene amplified by PCR was about 1 000 bp in length analysed by 12 g/L agarose gel electrophoresis, which met the expectancy. Human recombinant Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression plasmid vectors pcDNA3.1-Oct3/4 were constructed, and the result of DNA sequencing was consistent with that of GenBank. Western blotting analysis revealed that the relative expression of Oct3/4 protein in stable pcDNA3.1-Oct3/4 transfected cells (10.225±0.987) was significantly higher than that in transfection control group (1.713±0.896) and negative control group (1 for calibration value) (P<0.01). Conclusion Human recombinant Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed, SKOV3 was transfected, and Oct3/4 protein is stably overexpressed in stable transfected cells, which lays a foundation for the further study of roles of Oct3/4 gene in ovarian cancer development and drug-resistance to chemotherapy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of effect and mechanism of protein arginine methyltransferase in tumors WEN Jun, MIN Xue-jie, ZHAO Li, ZHAO Xiao-ping    2017, 37 (6): 842-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2017.06.022 Abstract （1549）      PDF（pc） （7473KB）（3108）       Knowledge map    Save  Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) can methylate a variety of proteins, including histones and non-histones, affecting a variety of cellular processes such as transcription, RNA splicing, DNA repair, and cell cycle control. The activity of PRMT is affected by a variety of regulatory mechanisms, and its abnormal expression plays an important role in the development of the diseases, especially in tumors such as breast cancer and leukemia. PRMT has a unique value in the diagnosis or treatment of tumors. With the further exploration of PRMT methylation mechanism, PRMT selective inhibitors have made some progress. PRMT-specific inhibitors are expected to be targeted drugs for the treatment of tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of data mining in biomedical data analysis GONG Zhu-lin, CHEN Ying, SU Yi, et al    2010, 30 (11): 1420-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.11.025 Abstract （2351）      PDF（pc） （3895KB）（3061）       Knowledge map    Save The discipline of data mining emerges with the development of information technology and maturation of methods of data collection, storage and management. This paper introduces the concept of data mining. In addition, it clarifies how data mining and statistics are related in biomedical field. It was also summarized with a variety of application examples of data mining techniques in biomedical research. Furthermore, this paper not only analyzes the present status of biomedical data mining in China, but also points out some problems to be solved and prospects of research in this area. Related Articles | Metrics

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2018, 38 (5): 2-.   Abstract （810）      PDF（pc） （13162KB）（2942）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Project introductionShanghai Municipal Education Commission—Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support

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Research progress of pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy SHI Jun, ZHANG Wen-chuan    2012, 32 (1): 116-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2012.01.024 Abstract （2274）      PDF（pc） （4197KB）（2889）       Knowledge map    Save Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes, whose pathogenesis is mostly related to metabolism pathway and growth factors. Metabolism pathway includes activation of polyol pathway, hexosamine pathway and protein kinase C pathway and production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Oxidative stress may indirectly harm the neurons and axons through the pathways mentioned above, and can directly injure the nerve cells as well. Growth factors are mainly associated with the synthesis and apoptosis of Schwann cells. Surgical treatment may yield favorable outcomes for DPN, and early diagnosis and treatment may effectively hinder the deterioration and development of DPN and reduce the rates of infection and amputation for affected limbs. This paper introduces the pathogenesis of DPN on the basis of metabolism pathway and growth factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Outcomes of breast-conserving surgery and radical mastectomy for early stage breast cancer KONG Lei, YANG Hua-li, LI Wei, et al    2009, 29 (10): 1266-.   Abstract （2203）      PDF（pc） （4440KB）（2883）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of berberine on cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophage derived foam cells LIU Xiao-yan, YAN Shi-min, GONG Hui, et al    2009, 29 (12): 1415-.   Abstract （2184）      PDF（pc） （4521KB）（2808）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effects of berberine on cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophage derived foam cells, and explore the possible mechanism. Methods HP-1 cells were induced into macrophages by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), and were treated with acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Ac-LDL) to establish the THP-1 macrophage derived foam cell models. Foam cells were divided into blank control group and berberine (5 to 20 μmol/L) treatment groups according to the way of treatment and berberine concentrations. After treatment for 24 h, flow cytometry was employed to detect Ac-LDL aggregation, enzymic method was adopted to detect contents of cholesterol and triglyceride, scintillation counting technique was used to detect cholesterol efflux, and effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) antagonist GW9662 pretreatment on cholesterol efflux (pioglitazone as positive control) were analysed. Besides, RT-PCR was applied to detect expression of liver X receptor α (LXRα) and ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mRNA. Results Compared with blank control group, Ac-LDL aggregation and contents of cholesterol and triglyceride of foam cells in various berberine treatment groups decreased significantly (P＜0.01), while cholesterol efflux increased (P＜0.01) in a dose-dependent manner. After GW9662 pretreatment, there was no significant difference in cholesterol efflux between various berberine treatment groups and control group (P>0.05). Furthermore, expression of LXRα and ABCA1 mRNA of foam cells in various berberine treatment groups was higher than that in blank control group. Conclusion Berberine may increase cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophage derived foam cells, the mechanism of which may be associated with activation of PPARγ pathway and increase of expression of LXRα and ABCA1 mRNA. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of chemokines and their receptors in pregnancy immune tolerance XIAO Shi-jin    2009, 29 (9): 1116-.   Abstract （1876）      PDF（pc） （4354KB）（2776）       Knowledge map    Save Pregnancy immune tolerance is a special type of peripheral immunological tolerance formed by maternal immune system during pregnancy, which urges maternal immune system not to reject fetus as half-allogeneic graft. Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in induced immune tolerance as participating in activation and migration of immunocytes. This article reviews the effects of chemokines and their receptors in pregnancy immune tolerance. Related Articles | Metrics