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28 September 2013, Volume 33 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Editorial
Original article (Basic research)
Original article (Clinical research)
Original article (Public health administration)
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Editorial

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Molecular epidemiology studies on aflatoxin B1-related hepatocellular carcinoma LONG Xi-dai, YAO Jin-guang, HUANG Xiao-ying, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1187.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.001 Abstract ( 878 )   PDF (293KB) ( 1156 )   Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an important chemical carcinogenic toxin, whose exposure is the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in some southeast coastal zones in China. Thus, the majority of studies have been focused on seeking the evaluation methods of AFB1 exposure and screening susceptible population to AFB1-related HCC. We have investigated the following hot-spot issues: AFB1-exposure elucidation, susceptible population screen, and HCC risk and prognosis evaluation, using molecular epidemiology methods. Our data have shown that the AFB1-DNA level of peripheral blood leukocytes is an effective marker of AFB1exposure analysis, and the mutations at coding sequences of DNA repair genes increase HCC risk and modulate HCC prognosis. Through aforementioned projects, the corresponding results have been reported in the top-grade journals involved in liver and epidemiological fields, such as Hepatology and Epidemiology. Moreover, we have won the second prize of Provincial Natural and Science Award. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Basic research)

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Effect of over-expression of monocarboxylate transporter on biological behavior of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells MA Dong-mei, MAI Li, WU Xiao-bin, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1191.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.002 Abstract ( 1030 )   PDF (881KB) ( 1443 )   Objective To investigate the effect of over-expression of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) on biological behavior of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Methods Breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1/MCT (experiment group) and blank plasmid pcDNA3.1 (negative control group), and cells without treatment were served as blank control group. The transfection efficacy of MCT gene was detected by Real-Time PCR and immunofluorescence method. The effect of MCT gene transfection on proliferation of cells was determined by MTS method, and the morphological changes of cells were examined by acridine orange fluorescent staining. The effect of over-expression of MCT on apoptosis, necrosis and cycle of cells was determined by flow cytometry. The effect of MCT gene transfection on invasion and metastasis of cells was examined by Transwell test. Results The expression of MCT gene and protein in experiment group was significantly higher than that in negative control group and blank control group (P<0.01). The over-expression of MCT gene inhibited the proliferation of cells, enhanced the apoptosis and necrosis of cells, decreased cells in G2 cycle and increased cells in S cycle, and inhibited the invasion and metastasis of cells (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion The over-expression of MCT gene may promote the apoptosis and necrosis of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, regulate cell cycle, and inhibit the proliferation,  invasion and metastasis of cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of rapamycin on podocytes of rats with diabetic nephropathy CHEN Jue, ZHANG Lu-lu, YAN Yu-cheng, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1197.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.003 Abstract ( 903 )   PDF (810KB) ( 1109 )   Objective To investigate the effects of rapamycin on podocytes of rats with diabetic nephropathy. Methods Diabetic SD rat models were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). After model establishment, diabetic SD rats were randomly divided into rapamycin treatment group (rapamycin treatment for 4 weeks since the twelfth week after model establishment, n=6) and diabetic nephropathy group (intragastric administration of the same amount of normal saline for 4 weeks since the twelfth week after model establishment, n=6), and 6 SD rats without model establishment were served as normal control group. Twenty-four h urinary protein excretion was determined by BCA protein assay. The histological changes of kidney were observed by light microscopy, and the foot processes effacement and width of foot processes were determined with electron microscopy. Laser confocal microscopy with immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were employed to detect the expression of desmin and podocin. Results Compared with diabetic nephropathy group, the 24 h urinary protein excretion in rapamycin treatment group was significantly reduced (P<0.05). The glomerular pathological changes were alleviated by rapamycin treatment. The width of foot processes was shorter in rapamycin group than in diabetic nephropathy group (P<0.05). There was lower expression of desmin and higher expression of podocin in podocytes in rapamycin treatment group. Conclusion Rapamycin may attenuate the urinary protein in rats with diabetic nephropathy, which may be associated with the protection of podocytes by rapamycin. Related Articles | Metrics

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HDAC1 determines adult stem cell maintenance in planarian ZHANG Zhen-chao, ZENG An, HAN Xiao-shuai, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1202.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.004 Abstract ( 1155 )   PDF (1016KB) ( 1208 )   Objective To analyze the expression of HDAC1 in planarian, and explore the function and mechanism of HDAC1 in maintaining tissue homeostasis and planarian regeneration. Methods The full-length sequence of HDAC1 was acquired by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The expression pattern of HDAC1 was determined by whole-mount in situ hybridization and Western blotting. The phenotype of planarian in tissue homeostasis and regeneration was determined after depleting HDAC1 by RNA interference. The expression of adult stem cell marker was assessed by immunofluorescence. Results The full-length sequence of HDAC1 was successfully cloned. Whole-mount in situ hybridization and Western blotting revealed that both HDAC1 transcripts and protein were highly enriched in planarian adult stem cells. Upon HDAC1 knockdown, planarian failed to maintain tissue homeostasis and regenerate missing body parts. Immunofluorescence with a stem cell marker showed that the number of adult stem cell also decreased significantly after HDAC1 knockdown. Conclusion HDAC1 gene plays important roles in maintaining planarian adult stem cells and promoting tissue regeneration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of 630-650 nm visible light on wound healing in diabetic mice MAO He-shui, YAO Min, YU Wei-rong, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1209.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.005 Abstract ( 946 )   PDF (831KB) ( 1314 )   Objective To investigate the effect of 630-650 nm visible light on inflammatory response and wound healing in diabetic mice. Methods Twenty BKS.Cg-m+/+LeprdbNJU mice were used as animal model, and wounds were made on the left and right back of each mice with round fullthickness skin defects of 8 mm in diameter. The experiment group (wounds on the left, n=20) were treated by 630-650 nm visible light, and the control group (wounds on the right, n=20) were treated with normal LED light irradiation. The conditions of wounds and rates of wound healing were observed and recorded 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 and 21 d after injury, the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages was assessed by immunohistochemical staining, and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was determined by ELISA. Results From the third day after injury, the rate of wound healing in experiment group was significantly higher than that in control group. The numbers of infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages in wounds in experiment group were significantly bigger than those in control group 1, 3 and 7 d after injury, and were significantly smaller than those in control group 7, 14 and 21 d after injury. Since the third day after injury, the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in wounds in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion For the wounds of diabetic mice, 630-650 nm visible light may accelerate the process of inflammatory response, prevent the persistence of inflammatory response, and promote the wound healing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Ras on gene expression profile during femoral artery smooth muscle cell proliferation ZHAO Hai-guang 2013, 33 (9):  1215.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.006 Abstract ( 799 )   PDF (425KB) ( 1173 )   Objective To investigate the effect of Ras on the gene expression during proliferation of human femoral artery smooth muscle cells. Methods Human femoral artery smooth muscle cells were transfected with recombinant adenovirus-mediated active and negative mutants of Ras gene (AdRasV12 and AdRasN17 respectively), and the gene expression profile was determined by Affymetrix GeneChip. Results After transfection with AdRasN17, 120 genes were identified with significantly altered expression, among which 43 genes were up-regulated and 77 genes were down-regulated. While in counterparts of AdRasV12, 231 genes were identified as differentially expressed, among which 127 genes were up-regulated and 104 were down-regulated. These genes were functionally categorized as cell cycle and apoptosis categories, signal transduction, metabolism and response to stimulus. Conclusion The active and negative mutants of Ras may alter the gene expression of human femoral artery smooth muscle cells, and these gene targets may be involved in abnormal arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Clinical research)

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Application of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in mitral valvuloplasty WU Wei-hua, LU Jing, MA Lan, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1220.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.007 Abstract ( 856 )   PDF (713KB) ( 1266 )   Objective To assess systematically the accuracy of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT3D-TEE) in identifying involvement of mitral valve leaflets and scallops during mitral valvuloplasty. Methods One hundred and twenty-three patients with isolated mitral regurgitation for mitral valve repair were studied. Two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D-TEE) and RT3D-TEE were performed separately after general anesthesia. Two experienced interpreters analyzed the restored image offline and compared them with surgical findings. Results The diagnostic accuracy of RT3D-TEE in identifying mitral valve prolapse and its localization was significantly higher than that of 2D-TEE (P=0.001). There was no significant difference in diagnosing mitral valve chordal rupture between the two techniques (P=0.291), while the accuracy of RT3D-TEE in judging the region of chordal rupture was significantly higher (P<0.05). RT3D-TEE had a sensitivity of 100% in diagnosing simple leaflet cleft. Conclusion RT3D-TEE may accurately assess mitral valve prolapse, chordal rupture and its position, especially in diagnosing complex mitral valve prolapse and multiple chordal rupture. RT3D-TEE is thus a powerful tool in mitral valve repair, and is the most efficient modality in diagnosing mitral valve cleft. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of motor imagery therapy on walking ability in patients with stoke and hemiplegia ZHANG Hui-ying, PAZI Li-ya, ZHANG Ya-qing, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1225.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.008 Abstract ( 856 )   PDF (432KB) ( 1109 )   Objective To investigate the effect of motor imagery therapy on walking ability in patients with stroke and hemiplegia. Methods Thirty-six patients with stroke and hemiplegia were divided into group A and group B based on the odd or even admission number, with 19 patients in each group. From the first to the third week, patients in group A were treated with conventional rehabilitation therapy combined with motor imaginary therapy, and those in group B only received conventional rehabilitation therapy. During the fourth and fifth week (washout period), both patients in group A and group B did not receive formal conventional rehabilitation therapy and motor imaginary therapy. In the sixth to eighth week, patients in group B received conventional rehabilitation therapy combined with motor imaginary therapy, and those in group A only received conventional rehabilitation therapy. The walking ability of patients in two groups was assessed with lower extremity Fugl-Meyer motor assessment(FMA), functional ambulation category (FAC) and Tinetti gait assessment (TGA) scales before treatment, and at the end of the third week, fifth week and eighth week. Results There was no significant difference in FMA, FAC and TGA scores between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). The scores of each scale at the end of the third week, fifth week and eighth week were significantly higher than those before treatment in two groups (P<0.01). At the end of the third week, the score of each scale in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P<0.01). At the end of the eighth week, the score of each scale in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (P<0.01). Conclusion On the basis of conventional rehabilitation therapy, motor imagery therapy can further improve the walking ability in patients with stroke and hemiplegia and enhance the efficacy of rehabilitation training. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis and literature review of granulocytic sarcoma with nine cases report SUN Cui-e, TANG Xiao-wen, SUN Ai-ning, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1231.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.009 Abstract ( 904 )   PDF (301KB) ( 1154 )   Objective To explore the diagnosis and the treatment options of granulocytic sarcoma (GS). Methods The clinical manifestations, classification of pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of 9 cases with GS were retrospectively analyzed. Results All of the 9 patients presented with lymphadenopathy and soft tissue mass as first symptoms. The pathological feature of GS was the differentiation of granulocytic and medium size mature eosinophils. The majority of GS patients exhibited positive immuno-histological results of myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, CD43, CD34, CD56 and CD15. The therapeutic options included local resection, radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy with regimen of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Conclusion The diagnosis of GS depends on the pathologic feature, immunohistochemical characteristics of tissues, morphology, immunology, cytogenetics and molecular biology examinations of bone marrow, in order to define the type of GS (isolated type or AML). The principle treatment options of GS are local resection, radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation of huge pterygium excision and ocular surface reconstruction LU Wen-juan, FU Yao, LI Jin, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1235.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.010 Abstract ( 878 )   PDF (804KB) ( 1189 )   Objective To observe the outcome of combined limbal conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane covering in the treatment of huge pterygium and ocular surface reconstruction. Methods The clinical data of 13 patients (14 eyes) with huge pterygium treated between January 2012 and June 2012 were retrospectively analysed. All patients were managed with pterygium excision, limbal conjunctival autograft combined with amniotic membrane covering. During operation, 0.02% mitomycin C was applied to the scleral bed for 1 min. Results Patients were followed up for one year, and no recurrence occurred. The corneas were transparent or clouding, and no corneal melting, corneal endothelial decompensation or other serious complications were found. Conclusion Limbal conjunctival autograft combined with amniotic membrane covering can effectively reduce the recurrence rate of pterygium, decrease postoperative irritation, and promote wound healing, which is conducive to the reconstruction of ocular structures. Related Articles | Metrics

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Value of differential diagnosis of hTERT mRNA, UbcH10 and Ki-67 in breast apocrine lesions XU Ming, XU Jie-li, ZHOU Ying-zi, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1239.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.011 Abstract ( 925 )   PDF (536KB) ( 1345 )   Objective To investigate the value of UbcH10, Ki-67 and hTERT mRNA in differential diagnosis of breast apocrine lesions. Methods The expression of UbcH10 and Ki-67 was detected by immunohistochemical EnVision method, and the expression of hTERT mRNA was determined by chromogenic in situ hybridization in 20 cases of apocrine metaplasia (APM), 26 cases of apocrine adenosis (AA), 32 cases of atypical apocrine hyperplasia (AAH), 22 cases of apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ (ADCIS) and 35 cases of invasive apocrine carcinoma (IAC). Results The positive expression of UbcH10 in APM, AA, AAH, ADCIS and IAC was 10.0%, 50.0%, 62.5%, 81.8% and 94.3% respectively, that of Ki-67 was 5.0%, 50.0%, 62.5%, 81.8% and 94.3% respectively, and that of hTERTmRNA was 45.0%, 84.6%, 81.3%, 81.8% and 85.7% respectively. The average proliferation index of Ki-67 expression in APM, AA, AAH, ADCIS and IAC was 1.01%, 5.35%, 7.53%, 16.05% and 31.12% respectively. There were significant differences in the positive expression rates of hTERT mRNA, Ki-67 and UbcH10 between APM and AA, AAH, ADCIS and IAC (P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference between two adjacent groups of AA, AAH, ADCIS and IAC (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the average proliferation index of Ki-67 among AA, AAH and ADCIS (P＜0.05). Conclusion Observing the histopathological characteristics with HE staining and detecting Ki-67 with immunohistochemical method may improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions in the breast apocrine lineage to some extent. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and clinical significance of heparanase in metastatic lymph nodes of cervical squamous carcinoma LU Shu-fang, HU Bin, LI Yuan-kun, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1244.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.012 Abstract ( 924 )   PDF (592KB) ( 1255 )   Objective To detect the expression of heparanase (HPA) in metastatic lymph nodes, and investigate its role in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of cervical squamous carcinoma. Methods The expression of HPA in cervical squamous carcinoma with lymph node metastasis (group A) and cervical squamous carcinoma without lymph node metastasis (group B) was detected by immunohistochemical S-P method. Primary foci, metastatic lymph nodes and non-metastatic lymph nodes were selected for group A, and primary foci and non-metastatic lymph nodes for group B. Image analysis technique was employed to determine the average gray values and positive units of expression of HPA, and CK19 was a marker of squamous epithelia. Results In group A, the average gray values of HPA in primary foci, metastatic lymph nodes and non-metastatic lymph nodes gradually increased, and the positive units of HPA gradually decreased, with significant differences (P=0.000). In group B, the average gray value of HPA in primary foci was significantly lower than that in lymph nodes (P=0.000), and the positive unit of HPA in primary foci was significantly higher than that in lymph nodes (P=0.037). The expression rate of HPA in lymph node was significantly related to clinical stage (P=0.013), differentiation (P=0.000) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.000). The median overall survival (MOS) of all patients was 49.0 months, and MOS of patients with lymph node metastasis (36.0 months) was significantly lower than that of patients without lymph node metastasis (58.5 months) (P=0.023). MOS of patients with HPA positive lymph nodes (38.5 months) was significantly lower than that of patients HPA negative lymph nodes (57.0 months)(P=0.040). Cox regression analysis revealed that lymph node metastasis and expression HPA were independent risk factors for prognosis of cervical cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion HPA may be an important biomarker of lymph node metastasis of cervical squamous carcinoma, and patients with HPA positive lymph nodes may have poorer prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in diseased adrenal glands in patients with primary aldosteronism SU Heng-chuan, HUANG Xin, DAI Jun, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1249.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.013 Abstract ( 968 )   PDF (692KB) ( 1279 )   Objective To investigate the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the diseased adrenal glands of patients with primary aldosteronism. Methods Forty-five patients with primary aldosteronism undergoing surgical treatment with complete clinical and pathological records were selected. The expression of pAKT, p-mTOR, p-S6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tissues of diseased adrenal glands was determined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. The resected normal tissues of adrenal glands in surgical treatment in patients with renal cell carcinoma were served as control group (n=12). Results Patients with primary aldosteronism presented with polydipsia, polyuria, refractory hypertension, profound hypokalemia, hyperaldosteronemia and decreased plasma renin activity. The expression of p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-S6 and VEGF in diseased adrenal glands in patients with primary aldosteronism was significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.05). The plasma aldosterone level was positively significantly related to the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR in diseased adrenal glands in patients with primary aldosteronism (r2p-AKT=0.356, P<0.01；r2p-mTOR=0.295, P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-S6 and VEGF of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in diseased adrenal tissues is significantly increased in patients with primary aldosteronism, which may participate in the development of primary aldosteronism. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of central corneal thickness measurements with Lenstar LS900 and Tomey EM-3000 ZHANG Qiong, ZHANG Shi-sheng, WU Yan-lin, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1255.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.014 Abstract ( 1166 )   PDF (280KB) ( 1142 )   Objective To compare the accuracy and consistency between Lenstar LS900 and Tomey EM-3000 in measurement of central corneal thickness. Methods One hundred and seventy-two patients (188 eyes) with cataract were divided into four groups based on the axial length: group A (≥28 mm), group B (26 mm to 28 mm), group C (24 mm to 26 mm) and group D (＜24 mm). Central corneal thickness was measured by Lenstar LS900 and Tomey EM-3000 analyzer respectively, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The mean central corneal thickness measured by Lenstar LS900 was (541.51±36.41) μm, that measured by Tomey EM3000 was (536.28±37.64) μm, and there were significant differences between them (P<0.01). Except for group D, there were significant differences between central corneal thickness measured by two methods in the other three groups (P<0.01). There was linear correlation between central corneal thickness measured by two methods (r=0.96, P<0.01). The 95% limits of agreement ranged between -13.9 μm and 24.2 μm, and 95.7% (180/188) fell in the limits. Conclusion The central corneal thickness measured by Lenstar LS900 is slightly larger than that measured by Tomey EM-3000, while there exists high correlation and good agreement between them, and both can be used in measurement of central corneal thickness. However, the measurements should be carefully evaluated in patients whose intraocular pressure must strictly be monitored. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of glutathione system on coronary heart diseases YANG Hui, ZHAO Ya-jie, YU Qiang, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1259.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.015 Abstract ( 902 )   PDF (267KB) ( 1038 )   Objective To investigate the impact of glutathione system on coronary heart disease. Methods One hundred and seventy-nine patients undergoing coronary angiography were selected, and were divided into elder group (≥60 years old, n=102) and non-elder group (<60 years old, n=77). The blood biochemical parameters were examined, and the activity of  glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR) was detected. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was determined by Gensini score system based on the findings of coronary angiography. Results There was no significant difference in blood biochemical parameters between two groups (P>0.05). The plasma activity of  GSH, GSH-Px and GR in elder group was significantly lower than that in non-elder group (P<0.05). After adjustment for age, the plasma activity of GSH, GSH-Px and GR  was significantly negatively related to Gensini scores (r=－0.721, －0.743 and －0.724; P<0.001). Based on the quartile of Gensini scores, with the increase of Gensini scores, the activity of GSH, GSH-Px and GR decreased gradually (P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the activity of GSH-Px had the greatest impact on Gensini scores. Conclusion With the age increase, the plasma activity of GSH, GSH-Px and GR significantly decreases, and is negatively related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis, especially for GSH-Px. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinicopathological characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma ZHU Ming-jie, GUAN Wen-bin, XU Ke-chun, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1263.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.016 Abstract ( 1285 )   PDF (558KB) ( 1257 )   Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, immune phenotype and differential diagnosis of congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Methods The clinicopathological characteristics of 4 cases of congenital mesoblastic nephroma were analysed, and related literatures were reviewed. Results The tumors occurred in children younger than 2 years old, generally presenting a capsular complete lump. All the 4 cases were classical congenital mesoblastic nephroma. The tumors consisted of spindle cells with elongated nucleus. Tumors grew with a bunch or woven pattern. The cells arranged net-like in sparse area, with elongated nucleus, obvious nucleoli and nuclear fission of 3-5/10 HPF. A small amount of irregular distribution of the remaining kidney tissues was found between the tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry indicated that there were positive expression of vimentin and partially positive expression of smooth muscle actin in the tumor cells. No tumor recurrence or metastasis was observed during follow-up. Conclusion Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a low-grade malignant tumor in infants and young children, which exhibits spindle cells in histomorphology. The prognosis may be favorable after complete resection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and countermeasures of risk factors for death after modified Blalock-Taussig shunts in children with congenital heart diseases ZHANG Ting-ting, GU Xiao-rong, FU Li-juan 2013, 33 (9):  1267.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.017 Abstract ( 977 )   PDF (308KB) ( 1084 )   Objective To analyze the causes of death after modified Blalock-Taussig shunts in children with congenital heart diseases, and explore the nursing strategies. Methods On the basis of literature review and expert consultation, the clinical data of 94 children with congenital heart diseases undergoing modified BlalockTaussig shunts were retrospectively analyzed, and univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis were employed to explore the risk factors for death during perioperation. Results Eighteen of the 94 children died after operation, with the motality of 19.1%. Univariate analysis revealed that age, weight, height, the artificial blood vessel diameter, preoperative acidosis, delayed sternal closure and reoperation were death-related risk factors. Logistic regression analysis indicated that preoperative acidosis was the independent death-related risk factor. Conclusion Enhancing preoperative assessment of risk factors, preventing preoperative acidosis, conducting postoperative care, preventing stenosis and obstruction of the artificial blood vessel, performing perioperative nutritional supporting and strengthening perioperative care of newborn are the main care countermeasures to decrease the motality after modified Blalock-Taussig shunts in children with congenital heart diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Long-term nutrition assessment in children with Wilson's disease LU Xiao-shi, JIAO Xian-ting, ZHAO Lei, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1271.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.018 Abstract ( 1021 )   PDF (334KB) ( 1309 )   Objective To investigate the long-term nutrition status of children with Wilson's disease treated by different methods. Methods Fifteen children with Wilson's disease were followed up for anthropometric measurements (height and body weight), blood biochemical parameters detection (blood routine, liver function, blood calcium and blood phosphorus) and bone density determination. Children were divided into penicillamine group and penicillamine+zinc sulfate group based on the therapies, and comparisons were made between two groups. Results Among the 15 children, 1 had growth retardation, and the other 1 had midrange malnutrition. There was no significant difference in weight for age percentile and Z-score (WAZ), height for age percentile and Z-score (HAZ), and body mass index (BMI) percentile and Z-score (BMIZ) between two groups (P＞0.05). There were 3 children with mild anaemia in penicillamine group, and there was 1 child with mild anaemia in penicillamine+zinc sulfate group. The values of alkaline phosphatase in children in penicillamine group were higher than the normal value except for two children. The blood calcium was elevated in 1 child in penicillamine group. The Z-scores of bone density of middle tibia and distal radius were -3 and -3.5 respectively in 1 child in penicillamine group, which were lower than the normal values. There was no significant difference in hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and ratio of bone density of middle tibia to that of distal radius between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Children with Wilson's disease have normal nutrition status after long-term copper displacement and low-copper diet. Penicillamine treatment and penicillamine combined with zinc sulfate treatment have no significant effect on children's physical development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of intracranial pressure monitoring in  treatment of acute severe traumatic brain injury SHU Guo-wei, FEI Zhi-min, CAI Pei-hao, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1276.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.019 Abstract ( 938 )   PDF (601KB) ( 1324 )   Objective To investigate the effect of management with intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in acute severe traumatic brain injury. Methods Sixty-four patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury managed with ICP monitoring were selected, and the values of ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) were recorded and analyzed. Results Fifty-two patients with surgical indication underwent hematoma removal and/or decompressive craniectomy with ICP monitoring, and the other 12 patients without surgical indication received ICP monitoring with ventricular catheter. There was no significant difference between the values of ICP and CPP 24 h after operation and those 72 h after operation (P>0.05). There were significant differences between the value of GCS on ICU admission and that 24 h after operation, between the value of GCS 24 h after operation and that 72 h after operation, and between the value of GCS 72 h after operation and that on ICU discharge (P<0.05 for all). The mean value of GOS was (4.13±0.72), and no death and vegetative state occurred. Conclusion Management with ICP monitoring is effective in acute severe traumatic brain injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigations on career well-being and career development of young scientific researchers in medical college and affiliated hospital CHEN Wei, ZHU Jun-wen, XIANG Yan-cong, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1281.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.020 Abstract ( 875 )   PDF (448KB) ( 1165 )   Objective To investigate the related factors for career well-being among scientific researchers, and put forward suggestions for the construction of research team. Methods Young scientific researchers aged between 31 and 45 years were randomly selected for questionnaire survey from Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (n=58), Shanghai Institute of Hematology (n=33) and Basic Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University (n=39). The questionnaire was composed of career well-being recognition and mood experience scale. The career well-being recognition dimensions included salary, career development, supervisor, welfare, reward, working procedure, colleague, task and interpersonal coordination, and Positive and Negative Affect ScheduleRevised (PANAS-R) was employed in mood experience test. Besides, in-depth interview was carried out in two core scientific researchers in Shanghai Institute of Hematology. Results The career well-being index of young scientific researchers ranged between 105 and 120, with the average of 112.48 (124 points in total). The scores of salary, welfare and working procedure were lower. There were significant differences in the degree of satisfaction towards career development, working procedure and supervisor among different age groups (P<0.05). The in-depth interview of researchers in Shanghai Institute of Hematology revealed that both the living pressure and working pressure were high, while there was sense of dignity and achievement in working. Conclusion More reasonable salary distribution system should be established, and individualized incentive system should be constructed in order to prevent the outflow of talents. Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation and influential factors of intangible environment of medical school ZHANG Ya-qing, SHI Xiao-yu, WANG Hao-cen, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1287.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.021 Abstract ( 807 )   PDF (449KB) ( 1144 )   Objective To assess the intangible environment of medical school from the perspective of medical students, and explore the influential factors. Methods Three hundred and seventy undergraduate medical students of grade 3 and grade 4 were selected, and were surveyed by intangible environment of university scale, internal-external locus of control scale and general self-efficacy scale.ResultsThe total average score of intangible environment of the medical school was 3.58±0.70. The score of intangible environment rated by student cadres was significantly higher than that rated by the rest of students (P<0.01). The academic atmosphere score rated by only-child students was lower than that rated by non-only-child students (P<0.05). The score of social practice rated by nursing students was higher than that rated by the other students (P<0.01). The score of intangible environment rated by students whose academic record ranked the last 25% was the highest (P<0.05). The total average score and score of each dimension of intangible environment were negatively correlated to the score of internal-external locus of control and positively correlated to the score of self-efficacy (P<0.01). Conclusion The medical students hold a relatively higher opinion on the intangible environment of medical school, but also bear some negative attitude, which indicates the medical school should strengthen the soft power and improve the intangible environment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Ten years literature study on chronic diseases management in community in China ZHANG Chuan-zheng, ZHAO Lie-bin, QIU Xiao-chun, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1292.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.022 Abstract ( 1037 )   PDF (387KB) ( 1254 )   Objective To investigate the status and explore the strategies for prevention and management of chronic diseases in community in China. Methods Literature review was employed to analyse the literatures published in Chinese Biomedical Literature Database between 2002 and 2012, and these papers were analysed by the year of publication, region, problems involved and strategies for health system performance management. Results A total of 162 literatures were enrolled in the study. After 2009, the number of literatures increased, and the contents trended to be diverse. Many provinces and cities in the eastern part of China carried out related studies earlier, which mainly concerned with status and strategies. However, the model of management has been explored in recent years. Conclusion The main problems of chronic diseases prevention and management in community are the shortage of number of medical staff, lower medical competency, insufficient budget and imperfection of organization of health resources. To improve the system, more training programs should be provided, better payment and financing mechanism should be explored, and effective organization, clinical skills and self management of patients should be enhanced. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of calcium- and integrin-binding proteins LI Ming, JIANG Ji-yao, YIN Yu-hua 2013, 33 (9):  1297.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.023 Abstract ( 1169 )   PDF (295KB) ( 1223 )   Recent researches show that calcium- and integrin-binding proteins (CIB) express in lots of tissues and participate in a wide variety of different cell biological processes. CIB can interact with multitudinous proteins, and may involve in the DNA damage response, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, embryogenesis, neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. So in-depth research on CIB may provide new ideas for the treatment of diseases. The research progress of CIB is reviewed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of long non-coding RNAs and their role in regulation of angiogenesis LIU Juan, WANG Yang, SHEN Xiao-li, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1301.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.024 Abstract ( 950 )   PDF (385KB) ( 1114 )   Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of non-protein-coding transcript RNAs with more than 200 nt in length, which are pervasively transcribed in the genome. Recent researches have demonstrated that lncRNAs affect many biological processes, including X-inactivation, genomic imprinting, chromatinmodifying, transcriptional activation, transcriptional interference and nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking, which indicates lncRNAs are not transcriptional noise but functional as a regulater of the gene expression on the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The research progress of lncRNAs functions and their role in the regulation of angiogenesis is reviewed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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Anti-tumor effect of bisphosphonate drugs JIN Li-li, SUN Xiao-guang, HUANG Gang 2013, 33 (9):  1306.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.025 Abstract ( 890 )   PDF (359KB) ( 1131 )   Bisphosphonate drugs have become important drugs for anti-resorption of bone in clinics since they were found to have inhibitory effect on osteoclasts. Recently, more and more researches propose that bisphosphonate drugs can also affect tumor cells, exhibiting the anti-tumor activity. Especially, the synergy effect of bisphosphonate drugs and anti-tumor drugs makes bisphosphonate drugs play a better anti-tumor role in clinics, improving the quality of life of patients. This paper reviews the anti-tumor effect of bisphosphonate drugs. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of related proteins in signaling pathway of integrin αⅡbβ3 LI Yi-ting, XU Yang, CAI Zhen-xi, et al 2013, 33 (9):  1311.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.09.026 Abstract ( 994 )   PDF (293KB) ( 994 )   Integrin αⅡbβ3 plays a pivotal role in platelet activation by interacting with ligands and mediating the signal transduction. After various agonists bind to their acceptors on platelets, the inside-out signaling develops, then the outside-in signaling happens. Talin, kindlin and Src, which are important signaling proteins involved in these progresses, have been intensively studied. Talin and kindlin are essential in inside-out signaling, while Src is important in outside-in signaling. This review focuses on the research progress of talin, kindlin and Src. Related Articles | Metrics