上海交通大学学报（医学版）

›› 2009, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (7): 763-.

• 专题报道 （儿童保健学） •    下一篇

上海市学龄儿童电视和电脑使用对睡眠行为的影响

李生慧1, 沈晓明1, 金星明2, 颜崇淮1, 吴胜虎1, 江 帆2   

  1. 上海交通大学 医学院 1. 新华医院儿童与青少年保健科 上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室, 上海 200092；2. 上海儿童医学中心发育行为儿科 上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室, 上海 200127
  • 出版日期:2009-07-25 发布日期:2009-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 沈晓明, 电子信箱:Shenxm9907@126.com
  • 作者简介:李生慧（1973—）, 女, 讲师, 博士, 电子信箱: lsh9907@yahoo.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金（30700670）；上海市儿科学重点学科基金（T0204）；上海市医学重点学科基金（05Ⅲ002）；上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金(jdy-07011)；上海市教委科研创新项目基金（09YZ92）；上海交通大学晨星青年学者奖励计划（08-10）

Impact of television-watching and computer-using on sleep patterns and sleep problems of school-aged children in Shanghai

LI Sheng-hui1,SHEN Xiao-ming1,JIN Xing-ming2,YAN Chong-huai1,WU Sheng-hu1,JIANG Fan2   

  1. 1. Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China；2. Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
  • Online:2009-07-25 Published:2009-09-16
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China, 30700670; Shanghai Key Discipline of Pediatrics, T0204; Shanghai Medical Key Discipline Foundation, 05Ⅲ002; Scientific Research Foundation for Selection and Training Outstanding Young Teachers of University in Shanghai, jdy-07011; Shanghai Education Committee Foundation, 09YZ92; Chenxing Foundation for Young Scholars of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 08-10

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摘要：

目的研究上海市学龄儿童电视和电脑使用对就寝/晨起习惯、睡眠时间和睡眠问题的影响。方法采用多级整群抽样，对上海市10所小学一到五年级的4 108名学龄儿童进行问卷调查。采用自制问卷调查儿童电视和电脑使用情况、个人及家庭状况；采用中文版儿童睡眠习惯问卷调查儿童的睡眠行为。采用多元线性回归和逐步Logistic回归分析方法，研究电视和电脑使用对儿童就寝/晨起习惯、睡眠时间和睡眠问题的影响。结果4.1％的儿童平时（非周末）平均每天看电视时间≥2 h，周末看电视时间≥2 h的儿童占49.2％。88.2％的儿童“偶尔”（0～1次/周）使用电脑，11.0%的儿童“经常”（2～4次/周）使用电脑，0.8％的儿童“几乎每天”（5～7次/周）使用电脑。随着年龄的增长，每天看电视时间≥2 h和“经常”使用电脑的比例逐渐上升。多元线性回归和逐步Logistic回归分析显示，电视和电脑使用可使儿童就寝时间和晨起时间推迟，睡眠时间缩短，并且是导致儿童就寝习惯不良、入睡潜伏期延长、睡眠持续时间不规律、睡眠焦虑和异态睡眠的危险因素。结论看电视和使用电脑对儿童睡眠行为的影响不仅体现在就寝/晨起习惯和睡眠时间上，而且会导致多种睡眠问题。关注电视和电脑使用对儿童睡眠行为的潜在不良影响，有助于促进儿童培养健康的睡眠习惯和改善睡眠质量。

关键词: 电视, 电脑, 睡眠行为, 睡眠问题, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of television-watching and computer-using on sleep/wake patterns, sleep duration and sleep problems of school-aged children in Shanghai. Methods A total of 4 108 school-aged children from 10 primary schools of Shanghai were enrolled by multi-stage cluster sampling and surveyed by questionnaires. The information of television-watching and computer-using, family and personal condition was investigated by self-prepared questionnaire, and the Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire was employed to survey the sleep behaviors of children. The effects of television-watching and computer-using on sleep/wake patterns, sleep duration and sleep problems were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis and Logistic regression analysis. Results The percentage of children who watched television≥2 h per day was 4.1% during weekdays, and that came to 49.2% during weekends. In terms of frequency of computer-using, most children reported “rarely” (88.2%, 0-1 time/week), followed by “often” (11.0%, 2-4 times/week) and “usually” (0.8%, 5-7 times/week). With the age increase, the percentages of children who watched television≥2 h per day and those who “often” used computer gradually increased. It was revealed by multiple linear regression analysis and Logistic regression analysis that television-watching and computer-using were not only positively correlated with later bedtime, later wake time and shorter sleep duration but also significantly associated with sleep problems such as bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep duration disorder, sleep anxiety and parasomnia. Conclusion Television-watching and computer-using exert influences on sleep behaviors of sleep/wake patterns, sleep duration and sleep problems. Concerns about the potential negative effects of television-watching and computer-using on sleep behaviors may help to promote healthy sleep patterns and improve sleep quality.

Key words: television, computer, sleep behaviors, sleep problems, children