上海交通大学学报（医学版）

›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 155-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2012.02.007

• 论著（临床研究） • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市北新泾街道老年人年龄相关性黄斑变性的患病率调查

黄晓波1, 邹海东1, 王 宁1, 王伟伟2, 傅 炯2, 沈彬杰2, 许 迅1, 张 皙1   

  1. 1.上海交通大学附属第一人民医院眼科, 上海 200080； 2.上海市长宁区北新泾街道社区卫生服务中心, 上海 200335
  • 出版日期:2012-02-28 发布日期:2012-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 邹海东, 电子信箱: zouhaidong@263.net。
  • 作者简介:黄晓波（1984—）, 男, 住院医师, 硕士；电子信箱: 181008981@163.com。现在江苏省南通市第一人民医院。
  • 基金资助:

    卫生部“视觉第一中国行动”项目(200801)；上海市视觉复明临床医学中心课题（FM-040102-305）；上海市眼底病重点实验室开放课题基金（07Z22911）

Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in Beixinjing Community of Shanghai

HUANG Xiao-bo1, ZOU Hai-dong1, WANG Ning1, WANG Wei-wei2, FU Jiong2, SHEN Bing-jie2, XU Xun1, ZHANG Xi1   

  1. 1.Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China；2.Beixinjing Community Health Service Center of Changning District, Shanghai 200335, China
  • Online:2012-02-28 Published:2012-02-28
  • Supported by:

    Foundation from the Ministry of Health, 200801；Shanghai Clinical Medicine Center for Vision Rehabilitation, FM-040102-305；Shanghai Key Laboratory for Ocular Fundus Diseases Foundation, 07Z22911

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摘要：

目的 调查上海市北新泾街道≥60岁人群中年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD) 的患病情况。方法 于2007年11月—2008年4月，采用整群抽样的方法对上海市北新泾街道≥60岁的居民进行AMD患病率和相关因素的调查。调查内容包括一般资料、既往眼病诊断和治疗史、日常生活视力和针孔矫正视力；进行眼科基本检查，并采用眼底照相机拍摄后极部45°范围内2个不同区域内的照片。由2名以上医师独立读片确立AMD的诊断；AMD的分类采用全国眼底病学组指定的标准。结果 本调查共纳入4 153人，实际受检3 571人，受检率85.99%。确诊AMD患者477例(778眼)，占受检人群的13.36%。确诊湿性AMD患者64例(85眼)，占受检人群的1.79%。在60～69、70～79、80岁以上各年龄段人群中，AMD的检出率分别为6.23%、14.98%和29.91%，差异有统计学意义(χ2=169.40，P<0.01)；在文盲、小学、中学及中学以上不同受教育程度人群中，AMD的检出率分别为15.2%、18.75%、9.36%和8.22%，差异有统计学意义(χ2=59.56，P<0.01)；AMD在男性与女性人群中的患病率比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.03，P>0.05）。AMD眼中，盲和低视力的比例分别为3.08%和18.51%。湿性AMD眼中，盲和低视力的比例为15.29%和32.95%，分别高于干性AMD眼的1.59%和16.73%。结论 AMD的患病率随着年龄增长而显著升高，随着受教育程度的提高而显著下降，严重影响患者视力。

关键词: 黄斑变性, 老年人, 患病率, 视力, 数据收集

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in residents aged ≥60 years in Beixinjing Community of Shanghai. Methods The prevalence and related factors of AMD in residents aged ≥60 years in Beixinjing Community of Shanghai were investigated between November 2007 and April 2008 with cluster sampling. An interview concerning general data, history of diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, daily living visual acuity and corrected visual acuity was carried out. Basic eye examination was performed, and 2 photographs covering 45° of posterior eye fundus area were acquired in each eye with fundus camera. The diagnosis of AMD was made by two or more ophthalmologists, and the classification of AMD was based on the criteria from Chinese Eye Fundus Diseases Group. Results A total of 4 153 residents were included, and 3 571 finished examinations, with the examination rate of 85.99%. Four hundred and seventy-seven patients (778 eyes) were diagnosed as AMD, accounting for 13.36% of the residents finishing examinations. Sixty-four patients (85 eyes) were diagnosed as exudative AMD, occupying 1.79% of the residents finishing examinations. The prevalences of AMD in the age groups of 60-69, 70-79 and no less than 80 were 6.23%, 14.98%, and 29.91%, respectively, with significant differences (χ2=169.40, P<0.01). The prevalences of AMD in the education groups of illiterate, primary school, middle school, and higher than middle school were 15.2%, 18.75%, 9.36% and 8.22%, respectively, with significant differences (χ2=59.56, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prevalences of AMD between males and females (χ2=0.03, P>0.05). In eyes of AMD, 3.08% and 18.51% were identified as blind or low vision. In eyes of exudative AMD, 15.29% and 32.95% were identified as blind or low vision, which were higher than those in eyes of atrophic AMD (1.59% and 16.73%). Conclusion The prevalence of AMD increases with age, and decreases with education level. AMD may lead to severe visual acuity impairment.

Key words: macular degeneration, aged, prevalence, visual acuity, data collection