上海交通大学学报（医学版）

上海交通大学学报（医学版）

• 专题报道（SJTU-YALE中国社区现场研究） • 上一篇    下一篇

老年慢性病吸烟者戒烟意愿调查及控烟策略分析

薄艳青1，陈霄雯2，蔡雨阳2，胥玉萍1   

  1. 1.上海市嘉定区外冈镇社区卫生服务中心， 上海 201806； 2.上海交通大学公共卫生学院， 上海 200025
  • 出版日期:2015-02-28 发布日期:2015-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 蔡雨阳, 电子信箱: caiyuyang@sjtu.edu.cn; 胥玉萍, 电子信箱: xyp640116@126.com。
  • 作者简介:薄艳青（1975—）， 女， 主治医师， 学士; 电子信箱: boyanqing99@126.com。
  • 基金资助:

    国家社会科学基金青年项目（14CGL07）;上海市嘉定区卫生局科研项目（20121215）

Survey of quitting intention of elderly smokers with chronic diseases and analysis of tobacco control strategies

BO Yan-qing1, CHEN Xiao-wen2, CAI Yu-yang2, XU Yu-ping2   

  1. 1.Waigang Community Health Center, Jiading District, Shanghai 201806, China; 2.School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Online:2015-02-28 Published:2015-02-27
  • Supported by:

    National Social Science Fund (Youth Project)，14CGL077; Scientific Research Project of Jiading Health Bureau of Shanghai, 20121215

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摘要：

目的 调查社区老年慢性病吸烟人群的戒烟史及戒烟意愿，分析政策相关影响因素，探索慢性病吸烟者控烟策略的新思路。方法 以嘉定区外冈社区老年慢性病吸烟人群为调研对象，采用自行设计的问卷进行一对一询问方式调查。使用EpiData 31进行数据录入，采用SPSS 20.0进行统计学描述性分析。结果 样本人群共430人，有138人（32.1%）曾戒过烟，其中69人（50.0%）仅戒过1次，68人（49.3%）戒烟次数在2次及以上。但有近一半的尝试戒烟者在3个月以内的关键期中断了戒烟。目前愿意戒烟的有56人，戒烟意愿率仅为13.0%，定好具体戒烟日期的人数更少，仅16人。未享受高血压免费药物的234名受访者中，有70人愿意为享受免费高血压药物而戒烟，戒烟意愿率从14.1%提升至29.9%（P=0.000，OR=10.208, 95%CI=4.305~24.204）。1个月内接受过控烟教育者，其戒烟意愿率为20.5%，高于未接受过教育者的8.8%（P=0.001，OR=2.677, 95%CI=1.512~4.741）。结论 外冈社区的老年慢病吸烟者烟草危害意识较为薄弱，戒烟意愿低，但控烟教育对戒烟意愿有一定影响，宜针对疾病开展专题教育;采用免费药物激励慢性病患者戒烟或也可作为农村社区老人控烟的一种新思路。

关键词: 慢性病, 戒烟意愿, 控烟

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the quitting history and quitting intention of elderly smokers with chronic diseases, to analyze relevant political influencing factors, and to explore new ideas for tobacco control strategies. Methods Elderly smokers with chronic diseases in Waigang community of Jiading District were selected and the self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct the survey. Data was input by the EpiData 3.1 and statistically analyzed by the SPSS 20.0. Results Among 430 respondents, 138 (32.1%) had tried quitting and 69 (50.0%) in 138 respondents only tried once, while 68 (49.3%) in 138 respondents tried twice or more. Nearly half of them failed to quit within 3 months, which is the critical period of cessation. At present, only 56 (13.0%) respondents had quitting intention and 16 respondents had specific quitting date. Among 234 respondents who did not receive free hypertension drugs, 70 of them were willing to quit smoking for free hypertension drugs. The percentage of respondents with quitting intention increased from 14.1% to 29.9% (P=0.000, OR=10.208, 95%CI=4.305-24.204). The percentage of respondents with quitting intention who had received health education within 1 month was 20.5%, which was higher than that (8.8%) of respondents who had not received health education (P=0.001, OR=2.677, 95%CI=1.512-4.741). Conclusion The awareness of tobacco hazards and the quitting intention of elderly smokers with chronic diseases in Waigang community are weak. Tobacco control education have an effect on the quitting intention. Special education that aims at diseases should be conducted and it is also a new idea for tobacco control that free drugs can be used to inspire smokers with chronic diseases to quit smoking.

Key words: chronic disease, quitting intention, tobacco control