男性酒精依赖患者对酒精相关线索注意偏向的行为学和眼动特征研究及心身因素相关性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.06.010

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 738-746.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.06.010

• 论著 · 临床研究 • 上一篇

男性酒精依赖患者对酒精相关线索注意偏向的行为学和眼动特征研究及心身因素相关性分析

司昱琪¹(), 雒如燕¹, 陈天真¹, 王立卉¹^,²^,³, 钟娜¹, 江海峰¹, 赵敏¹^,²()

^1.上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心，上海 200030
^2.上海市重性精神病重点实验室，上海 200030
^3.上海交通大学心理与行为科学研究院，上海 200030

收稿日期:2022-11-08 接受日期:2023-04-28 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-06-28
通讯作者: 赵敏 E-mail:siyuqi1997@163.com;drminzhao@smhc.org.cn
作者简介:司昱琪（1997—），女，硕士生；电子信箱：siyuqi1997@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(81771436);上海市扬帆计划(20YF1422100);科技创新2030-重大项目(2022ZD0211100)

Behavioral and eye movement study of attention bias to alcohol-related cues in male alcohol-dependent patients and correlation analysis of psychological factors

SI Yuqi¹(), LUO Ruyan¹, CHEN Tianzhen¹, WANG Lihui¹^,²^,³, ZHONG Na¹, JIANG Haifeng¹, ZHAO Min¹^,²()

^1.Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
^2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, China
^3.Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China

Received:2022-11-08 Accepted:2023-04-28 Online:2023-06-28 Published:2023-06-28
Contact: ZHAO Min E-mail:siyuqi1997@163.com;drminzhao@smhc.org.cn
Supported by:
National Nature Science Foundation of China(81771436);Shanghai Sailing Program(20YF1422100);Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project(2022ZD0211100)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的·探究男性酒精依赖患者对酒精相关线索是否存在注意偏向和注意偏向的行为学和眼动特征，并探索注意偏向和睡眠、焦虑抑郁、冲动性等心身因素的相关性。方法·招募29名2021年8月至2022年2月在上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心住院治疗的男性酒精依赖患者和29名健康人群，采用2（线索类型：酒精相关线索图片、情绪图片）×2（探测点和线索的相对位置：同侧、异侧）×2（组别：酒精依赖组、健康对照组）三因素混合设计。通过使用经典点探测范式和眼动监测技术探究被试对酒精线索注意偏向的特征。组别为组间变量，线索类型和探测点出现的相对位置为组内变量。因变量包括行为学指标和眼动指标。同时采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index，PSQI）、广泛焦虑量表（7-tiem Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale，GAD-7）、抑郁症筛查量表（Patien Health Questionnaire，PHQ-9）和Barratt冲动量表（Barratt Impulsiveness Scale，BIS-11）分别对患者的睡眠、焦虑抑郁和冲动性等心身状况进行评估。分析酒精依赖患者注意偏向的行为学和眼动特征，并与量表评分进行相关性分析。结果·行为学结果显示，酒精依赖组反应时间显著长于健康对照组（P=0.006）；眼动结果显示，当图片配对类型为酒精相关线索图片-中性图片时，酒精依赖组对酒精相关线索存在显著的注意探测延迟（P=0.031）和显著的注意维持（P=0.005），且注视酒精相关线索（P=0.001）和情绪线索（P=0.008）的瞳孔均显著小于健康对照组。通过相关性分析发现，酒精依赖组点探测任务的正确率和BIS-11量表评分呈负相关（r=-0.437，P=0.032）；反应时间和GAD-7量表评分呈正相关（r=0.407，P=0.033）；首视点进入时间和GAD-7量表评分呈正相关（r=0.414，P=0.045）；PSQI量表评分和PHQ-9量表评分呈正相关（r=0.422，P=0.041）。结论·行为学和眼动结果均提示酒精依赖患者对酒精相关线索存在注意偏向；但相较于传统的行为学通过正确率和反应时间结果反推注意偏向，眼动为酒精依赖患者注意偏向的评估提供了更直接的、多指标的证据。

关键词: 酒精依赖, 注意偏向, 点探测, 眼动

Abstract:

Objective ·To investigate if male alcohol-dependent patients have attention bias to alcohol-related pictures, show the behavioral and eye movement characteristics of attention bias, and explore the correlation between attention bias and sleep, anxiety, depression, impulsion and other psychological factors. Methods ·Twenty-nine subjects in the case group (alcohol-dependent patients who were hospitalized in Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from August 2021 to February 2022) and 29 healthy subjects in the healthy control group participated in the study. The experimental design was a mixed experimental design of three-factor hybrid. The cue types were alcohol-related and emotion pictures. The probe was on the same side or on the opposite side of the alcohol or emotional picture. The characteristics of subjects' attentional bias to alcohol cues were investigated by using the classical dot detection paradigm and eye movement monitoring technique. Groups were inter-group variables, and clue types and relative locations of probe points were intra-group variables. The behavioral and eye movement data were collected while the study subjects viewed pairs of alcohol-related and neutral pictures, or pairs of emotional and neutral pictures in a dot-probe paradigm. Dependent variables included behavioral indicators and eye movement indicators. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 7-tiem Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Patien Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) scales were used to assess psychosomatic conditions such as sleep, anxiety, depression, and impulsivity, respectively. Behavioral and eye movement characteristics of attention bias in the alcohol-dependent group were analyzed. In addition, the correlation with behavioral and eye movement characteristics of attention bias and scale scores was analyzed. Results ·The behavioral results showed that the reaction time of the alcohol-dependent group was significantly longer than that of the healthy control group (P=0.006). The eye movement results showed that when the type of cue was alcohol-related picture, the alcohol-dependent group had slower attention detection (P=0.031) and longer attention maintenance (P=0.005) on alcohol-related cues. Moreover, the pupil size during the viewing of alcohol-related cues (P=0.001) and emotional cues (P=0.008) were significantly smaller than those of the healthy control group. It was also found that, there was a negative correlation between the correct rate of the alcohol-dependent group and the BIS-11 scale score (r=-0.437, P=0.032), and a positive correlation between reaction time and GAD-7 score (r=0.407, P=0.033). The time of the first visual fixation entry was positively correlated with GAD-7 score (r=0.414, P=0.045), and the PSQI score was positively correlated with PHQ-9 score (r=0.422, P=0.041) in the case group. Conclusion ·Alcohol-dependent patients have attention bias towards alcohol-related cues according to the behavioral and eye movement result. Compared with the traditional behavioral regression of attention bias based on correct rate and reaction time results, eye movement provides more direct and multi indicator evidence for the evaluation of attention bias in alcohol-dependent patients.

Key words: alcohol dependence, attention bias, dot-probe, eye movement

中图分类号:

R749.99

司昱琪, 雒如燕, 陈天真, 王立卉, 钟娜, 江海峰, 赵敏. 男性酒精依赖患者对酒精相关线索注意偏向的行为学和眼动特征研究及心身因素相关性分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 43(6): 738-746.

SI Yuqi, LUO Ruyan, CHEN Tianzhen, WANG Lihui, ZHONG Na, JIANG Haifeng, ZHAO Min. Behavioral and eye movement study of attention bias to alcohol-related cues in male alcohol-dependent patients and correlation analysis of psychological factors[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2023, 43(6): 738-746.

图/表 5

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Group	Alcohol-dependent group (n=29)	Healthy control group (n=29)	t/χ² value	P value
Age/year	39.00±6.51	42.45±8.18	-1.78	0.379
Education/year	11.48±2.51	10.72±2.59	1.14	0.612
Marriage (married)/n(%)	21 (72.4)	26 (89.7)	6.69	0.151
Job (employment)/n(%)	21 (72.4)	24 (82.8)	4.88	0.767

Group	Alcohol-dependent group (n=29)	Healthy control group (n=29)	t/χ² value	P value
Age/year	39.00±6.51	42.45±8.18	-1.78	0.379
Education/year	11.48±2.51	10.72±2.59	1.14	0.612
Marriage (married)/n(%)	21 (72.4)	26 (89.7)	6.69	0.151
Job (employment)/n(%)	21 (72.4)	24 (82.8)	4.88	0.767

Behavioural indicator	Cue type	Position of probe	Alcohol-dependent group (n=29)	Healthy control group (n=29)	t value	df value	P value
Accuracy	A-N	Same	0.89±0.20	0.98±0.20	-1.71	56	0.092
		Opposite	0.87±0.21	0.96±0.20	-1.63	56	0.108
	E-N	Same	0.93±0.24	0.98±0.21	-0.84	56	0.403
		Opposite	0.91±0.21	0.98±0.21	1.26	56	0.205
RT/ms	A-N	Same	467.8±124.7	432.9±56.6	1.36	56	0.174
		Opposite	498.4±113.2	429.6±53.5	2.96	56	0.006
	E-N	Same	473.1±115.2	433.4±54.8	1.68	56	0.102
		Opposite	477.9±108.6	437.2±52.1	1.82	56	0.073

Behavioural indicator	Cue type	Position of probe	Alcohol-dependent group (n=29)	Healthy control group (n=29)	t value	df value	P value
Accuracy	A-N	Same	0.89±0.20	0.98±0.20	-1.71	56	0.092
		Opposite	0.87±0.21	0.96±0.20	-1.63	56	0.108
	E-N	Same	0.93±0.24	0.98±0.21	-0.84	56	0.403
		Opposite	0.91±0.21	0.98±0.21	1.26	56	0.205
RT/ms	A-N	Same	467.8±124.7	432.9±56.6	1.36	56	0.174
		Opposite	498.4±113.2	429.6±53.5	2.96	56	0.006
	E-N	Same	473.1±115.2	433.4±54.8	1.68	56	0.102
		Opposite	477.9±108.6	437.2±52.1	1.82	56	0.073

Eye movement indicator	Cue type	Alcohol-dependent group (n=29)	Healthy control group (n=29)	t value	df value	P value
ET/ms	A-N	657±161	525±242	2.45	56	0.031
	E-N	635±242	542±251	1.44	56	0.156
FT/ms	A-N	363±119	284±103	2.70	56	0.005
	E-N	316±110	275±92	1.54	56	0.128
PV/unit	A-N	712±302	1 106±435	-4.00	56	0.001
	E-N	869±452	1 223±437	-3.03	56	0.008

男性酒精依赖患者对酒精相关线索注意偏向的行为学和眼动特征研究及心身因素相关性分析

Behavioral and eye movement study of attention bias to alcohol-related cues in male alcohol-dependent patients and correlation analysis of psychological factors

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Metrics

Item	CR	RT	ET	FT	PV	BIS-11 score	PSQI score	GAD-7 score	PHQ-9 score
CR	1
RT	-0.127	1
ET	-0.620	0.074	1
FT	0.022	0.468	-0.062	1
PV	-0.078	0.046	-0.065	0.001	1
BIS-11 score	-0.437	-0201	0.211	0.125	-0.093	1
PSQI score	0.081	-0.081	0.198	-0.149	-0.020	0.154	1
GAD-7 score	-0.010	0.407	0.414	0.074	-0.207	0.163	0.102	1
PHQ-9 score	-0.137	0.721	-0.006	-0.203	-0.014	0.033	0.422	0.187	1

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