细胞因子信号抑制因子3对小鼠颅顶成骨前体细胞成骨分化的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.07.004

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 857-867.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.07.004

• 论著 · 基础研究 • 上一篇

细胞因子信号抑制因子3对小鼠颅顶成骨前体细胞成骨分化的影响

崔怡雯¹, 孙思远¹, 黄紫晗¹, 代庆刚², 江凌勇¹()

^1.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔颅颌面科，上海交通大学口腔医学院，国家口腔医学中心，口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心，上海市口腔医学重点实验室，上海市口腔医学研究所，上海 200011
^2.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔第二门诊部，国家口腔医学中心，口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心，上海市口腔医学重点实验室，上海市口腔医学研究所，上海 200011

收稿日期:2026-02-05 接受日期:2026-04-09 出版日期:2026-07-07 发布日期:2026-07-07
通讯作者: 江凌勇，主任医师，教授，博士；电子信箱：jianglingyong@sjtu.edu.cn。
作者简介:第一联系人：崔怡雯，孙思远为共同第一作者（co-first authors）。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2024YFC2510700);国家自然科学基金(82430032);国家自然科学基金(825B2029);国家自然科学基金(825B1014);上海市科技创新行动计划国际科技合作项目/政府间国际科技合作项目(23410713600);重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目开放项目(2026KFXM032);上海交通大学医学院“双百人”项目(20221809)

Effect of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 on osteogenic differentiation of mouse calvarial osteoblast precursors

Cui Yiwen¹, Sun Siyuan¹, Huang Zihan¹, Dai Qinggang², Jiang Lingyong¹()

^1.Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
^2.The 2nd Dental Centre, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China

Received:2026-02-05 Accepted:2026-04-09 Online:2026-07-07 Published:2026-07-07
Contact: Jiang Lingyong, E-mail: jianglingyong@sjtu.edu.cn.
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC2510700);National Natural Science Foundation of China(82430032);Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan-International Science and Technology Cooperation Program(23410713600);Chongqing Municipal Science and Health Joint Medical Research(2026KFXM032);“Two-hundred Talents” Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(20221809)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的·构建细胞因子信号抑制因子3（suppressor of cytokine signaling 3，Socs3）稳定低表达的小鼠颅顶成骨前体细胞MC3T3-E1稳转细胞株，研究SOCS3在颅顶成骨前体细胞成骨分化过程中的功能。方法·通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（real-time quantitative PCR，RT-qPCR）和蛋白质印迹法（Western blotting）检测MC3T3-E1细胞在成骨诱导后SOCS3的表达量改变。设计2对特异性靶向Socs3基因的短发夹RNA（short hairpin RNA，shRNA），构建敲低该基因的慢病毒载体。用包装后的慢病毒感染MC3T3-E1细胞，嘌呤霉素筛选获得Socs3稳定低表达的MC3T3-E1稳转细胞株。通过RT-qPCR和Western blotting验证敲减效率。利用CCK-8实验检测SOCS3对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖能力的影响。使用成骨诱导分化培养基诱导分化7 d后，进行碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase，ALP）染色，RT-qPCR检测成骨相关基因。成骨诱导分化14 d后，进行茜素红S（alizarin red S，ARS）染色，研究Socs3敲低的MC3T3-E1稳转细胞株的成骨分化能力。结果·RT-qPCR和Western blotting实验发现MC3T3-E1细胞成骨诱导4 d和7 d时，Socs3基因和SOCS3蛋白表达水平较诱导前升高，且7 d时高于4 d（均P<0.001）。感染shSocs3-1与shSocs3-2慢病毒的MC3T3-E1稳转细胞株中Socs3基因和SOCS3蛋白表达水平均被抑制（均P<0.001），提示敲低Socs3的MC3T3-E1稳转细胞株构建成功。CCK-8实验结果表明在培养1、4、7 d时，敲低Socs3对MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖能力均具有抑制作用（均P<0.001）。ALP染色显示，敲低Socs3的MC3T3-E1稳转细胞株成骨诱导分化7 d，ALP活性降低（P<0.001）。ARS染色显示敲低Socs3对MC3T3-E1细胞的矿化结节形成能力具有抑制作用（P<0.001）。通过RT-qPCR检测成骨相关标志基因，发现Socs3敲低组runt相关转录因子2（runt-related transcription factor 2，Runx2）、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase，Alp）、成骨细胞特异性转录因子（osterix，Osx）、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白A1（α1 type Ⅰ collagen，Col1a1）、分泌型磷蛋白-1（secreted phosphoprotein 1，Spp1）、骨钙蛋白（bone γ-carboxyglutamate protein，Bglap）表达均显著降低（均P<0.001）。结论·SOCS3表达随MC3T3-E1细胞成骨分化过程升高。敲低Socs3可抑制MC3T3-E1细胞增殖能力及成骨分化能力。

关键词: 细胞因子信号抑制因子3, MC3T3-E1细胞, 颅顶成骨前体细胞, 成骨分化

Abstract:

Objective ·To construct a stable suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3)-knockdown MC3T3-E1 mouse calvarial osteoblast precursor cell line and to investigate the role of SOCS3 in the osteogenic differentiation of calvarial osteoblast precursors. Methods ·The expression levels of SOCS3 in MC3T3-E1 cells after osteogenic induction were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. Two pairs of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) specifically targeting the Socs3 gene were designed, and lentiviral vectors for Socs3 knockdown were constructed. MC3T3‑E1 cells were then infected with the packaged lentiviruses, followed by puromycin screening to obtain MC3T3‑E1 cell lines with stable Socs3 knockdown. Knockdown efficiency was verified by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The effect of SOCS3 on the proliferation capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells was assessed using a CCK-8 assay. After osteogenic differentiation for 7 d, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and RT‑qPCR detection of osteogenesis‑related genes were performed. After 14 d of osteogenic differentiation, alizarin red S (ARS) staining was performed to assess the osteogenic differentiation capacity of the stable knockdown cell lines. Results ·RT-qPCR and Western blotting showed that both Socs3 mRNA and SOCS3 protein levels were elevated at 4 d and 7 d after osteogenic induction compared with those before induction, and the levels at 7 d were higher than those at 4 d (both P<0.001). In MC3T3-E1 stable cell lines infected with shSocs3-1 and shSocs3-2 lentivirus, the expression levels of Socs3 mRNA and SOCS3 protein were significantly inhibited (P<0.001), indicating the successful establishment of stable Socs3-knockdown MC3T3-E1 cell lines. The CCK-8 assay showed that Socs3 knockdown inhibited the proliferation capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 d, 4 d, and 7 d of culture (P<0.001). ALP staining demonstrated reduced ALP activity in the Socs3-knockdown MC3T3-E1 cell lines after 7 d of osteogenic induction (P<0.001). ARS staining indicated that Socs3 knockdown inhibited mineralized nodule formation in MC3T3-E1 cells (P<0.001). RT-qPCR detection of osteogenic marker genes indicated that the expression levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), osterix (Osx), α1 type Ⅰ collagen (Col1a1), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1), and bone γ-carboxyglutamate protein (Bglap) were significantly reduced in the Socs3-knockdown group (all P<0.001). Conclusion ·SOCS3 expression increases during the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Knockdown of Socs3 can inhibit both the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacities of MC3T3-E1 cells.

Key words: suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), MC3T3-E1 cell, calvarial osteoblast precursor, osteogenic differentiation

中图分类号:

R329.2

崔怡雯, 孙思远, 黄紫晗, 代庆刚, 江凌勇. 细胞因子信号抑制因子3对小鼠颅顶成骨前体细胞成骨分化的影响[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 46(7): 857-867.

Cui Yiwen, Sun Siyuan, Huang Zihan, Dai Qinggang, Jiang Lingyong. Effect of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 on osteogenic differentiation of mouse calvarial osteoblast precursors[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2026, 46(7): 857-867.

图/表 7

表1 shRNA引物序列信息

Tab 1 Primer sequences of shRNA

Gene	Direction	Primer sequence (5′→3′)
shcon	Forward	GATCCGTTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGTAATTCAAGAGATTACGTGACACGTTCGGAGAATTTTTTC
	Reverse	AATTGAAAAAATTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGTAATCTCTTGAATTACGTGACACGTTCGGAGAACG
shSocs3-1	Forward	GATCCGCTTCGACTGTGTACTCAAGCTGGTCTCGAGACCAGCTTGAGTACACAGTCGAAGCTTTTTTG
	Reverse	AATTCAAAAAAGCTTCGACTGTGTACTCAAGCTGGTCTCGAGACCAGCTTGAGTACACAGTCGAAGCG
shSocs3-2	Forward	GATCCGCCTGGATCAGTATGATGCTCCACTTCTCGAGAAGTGGAGCATCATACTGATCCAGGTTTTTTG
	Reverse	AATTCAAAAAACCTGGATCAGTATGATGCTCCACTTCTCGAGAAGTGGAGCATCATACTGATCCAGG

表2 RT-qPCR引物序列信息

Tab2 Primer sequences for RT-qPCR

Gene	Direction	Primer sequence (5'→3')
Hprt	Forward	GTTAAGCAGTACAGCCCCAAA
	Reverse	AGGGCATATCCAACAACAAACTT
Socs3	Forward	ATGGTCACCCACAGCAAGTTT
	Reverse	TCCAGTAGAATCCGCTCTCCT
Runx2	Forward	AACGATCTGAGATTTGTGGGC
	Reverse	CCTGCGTGGGATTTCTTGGTT
Alp	Forward	CCAACTCTTTTGTGCCAGAGA
	Reverse	GGCTACATTGGTGTTGAGCTTTT
Osx	Forward	GGCTTTTCTGCGGCAAGAGGTT
	Reverse	CGCTGATGTTTGCTCAAGTGGTC
Col1a1	Forward	CCTCAGGGTATTGCTGGACAAC
	Reverse	CAGAAGGACCTTGTTTGCCAGG
Spp1	Forward	GCCTGTTTGGCATTGCCTCCTC
	Reverse	CACAGCATTCTGTGGCGCAAGG
Bglap	Forward	GAACAGACAAGTCCCACACAGC
	Reverse	TCAGCAGAGTGAGCAGAAAGAT

图1 MC3T3-E1细胞成骨诱导分化过程中SOCS3表达量的改变Note： A. ALP staining of MC3T3-E1 cells at days 0, 4, and 7 of osteogenic differentiation. n=3. B. RT-qPCR analysis of the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (Alp), osterix (Osx), α1 type Ⅰ collagen (Col1a1), and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) in MC3T3-E1 cells at days 0, 4, and 7 of osteogenic differentiation. n=9. C. Immunofluorescence detection of OSX expression in MC3T3-E1 cells at days 0, 4, and 7 of osteogenic differentiation. n=9. D. RT-qPCR analysis of Socs3 mRNA expression in MC3T3-E1 cells at days 0, 4, and 7 of osteogenic differentiation. n=9. E. Western blotting analysis of SOCS3 protein expression in MC3T3-E1 cells at days 0, 4, and 7 of osteogenic differentiation. n=3. F. Immunofluorescence detection of SOCS3 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells at days 0, 4, and 7 of osteogenic differentiation. n=9. Data with homogeneous variances are shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD); data without homogeneous variances (i.e., RT‑qPCR data for Alp, Osx, and Spp1 in Fig 1B and Socs3 in Fig 1D) are presented as median ± interquartile range (IQR).

Fig 1 Changes in SOCS3 expression during osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells

图2 敲低 Socs3 的MC3T3-E1稳转细胞株的构建与验证Note： A. Sequencing chromatograms of shSocs3-1 and shSocs3-2 lentiviral vector plasmids. B. Fluorescence expression efficiency in the shcon, shSocs3-1, and shSocs3-2 groups 48 h after infection. C. RT-qPCR analysis of Socs3 mRNA expression in the shcon, shSocs3-1, and shSocs3-2 groups. n=9. D. Western blotting analysis of SOCS3 protein expression in the shcon, shSocs3-1, and shSocs3-2 groups. n=3.

Fig 2 Establishment and validation of stable Socs3-knockdown MC3T3-E1 cell lines

图3 Socs3 敲低对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖能力的影响Note： n=3.

Fig 3 Effect of Socs3 knockdown on the proliferation capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells

图4 Socs3 敲低后MC3T3-E1细胞成骨分化能力的评估Note： A. ALP staining of cells in the shcon, shSocs3-1, and shSocs3-2 groups after 7 d of osteogenic differentiation. n=3. B. ARS staining of cells in the shcon, shSocs3-1, and shSocs3-2 groups after 14 d of osteogenic differentiation. n=3. C. RT-qPCR analysis of the expression levels of Runx2, Alp, Osx, Col1a1, Spp1, and Bglap in cells from the shcon, shSocs3-1, and shSocs3-2 groups after 7 d of osteogenic differentiation. n=9. Data with homogeneous variances are shown as mean ± SD; data without homogeneous variances (i.e., RT-qPCR data for Osx, Spp1, and Bglap in Fig 4C) are presented as median ± IQR.

Fig 4 Evaluation of osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells following Socs3 knockdown

图5 Socs3 敲低对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖能力及成骨分化能力影响的模式图

Fig 5 Schematic illustration of the effects of Socs3 knockdown on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells

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细胞因子信号抑制因子3对小鼠颅顶成骨前体细胞成骨分化的影响

Effect of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 on osteogenic differentiation of mouse calvarial osteoblast precursors

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