多种形式的无创呼吸支持可适用于婴儿呼吸窘迫和低氧血症的治疗。在新生儿重症监护病房最常见的是经鼻持续气道正压通气（nasal continuous positive airway pressure, NCPAP），但新生儿不易耐受，有继发黏膜损伤和院内感染的风险。近些年来，湿化高流量鼻导管通气（humidified high-flow nasal cannula, HHFNC）治疗已经被引入，因其增加了患儿的舒适度和耐受性同时保证通气的有效性，正逐渐成为替代 NCPAP的另一种无创呼吸支持模式。该文将对近些年 HHFNC治疗儿科患者的研究进展进行综述。

Various forms of noninvasive respiratory support have been applied to the treatment of infant respiratory distress and hypoxemia. The most common noninvasive respiratory support in neonatal intensive care unit is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). But the NCPAP systems are not always well acceptedthe neonatal population, with the risk of mucosal injury and nosocomial infection. In recent years, humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) has been introduced and developed as a possible alternative to NCPAP for noninvasive respiratory support mode, becait increases patients’ comfort and the effectiveness of the ventilation. This article summarized the current research progress of HHFNC therapy in pediatric patients.