Research progress in biological activities and mechanisms of theabrownin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.06.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Tea is beneficial to human health, which is rich in tea pigments with important biological activities. Theabrownin, derived from theaflavins and thearubigins by oxidative polymerization, mainly distributes in semi-fermented oolong tea, and completely fermented black tea and dark tea. As a kind of macromolecular substance, theabrownin cannot be directly absorbed by the gut, but it can directly interact with intestinal microbiota to regulate and maintain the homeostasis of intestinal flora. Theabrownin has multiple physiological roles via modulating the gut microbiota, including inhibiting hepatic cholesterol production, promoting the catabolism of cholesterol and triglyceride, and promoting energy metabolism in adipose tissues, thereby improving lipid metabolism. Theabrownin can also directly influence the gut absorption of glucose to improve carbohydrate metabolism and maintain blood glucose homeostasis. Theabrownin plays an anti-tumor role by inducing apoptosis and regulating gene expression in tumor cells. Theabrownin also plays an anti-inflammatory role via participating in the regulation of the immune cell differentiation and the levels of inflammatory factors. This review summarizes the formation process, the extraction procedures, and the chemical structure of theabrownin, and reviews the effects and mechanisms of theabrownin on intestinal microbiota, lipid metabolism, blood glucose homeostasis, cancer and inflammation.

Key words: theabrownin, intestinal microbiota, metabolic disease, antitumor, anti-inflammatory

CLC Number:

R589

WANG Jieyi, ZHENG Dan, ZHENG Xiaojiao, JIA Wei, ZHAO Aihua. Research progress in biological activities and mechanisms of theabrownin[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2023, 43(6): 768-774.

Figures/Tables 1

TrendMD

References 59

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Animal model	Up-regulated gut microbiota	Down-regulated gut microbiota	Reference
Azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulphate-induced colorectal cancer in mice	Family: Rinoccaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Prevotellaceae Genus: Romboutsia, Anaeroplasma, Ruminococcus, Parabacteroides, Rikenellaceae RC9, Parvibacter, Alloprevotella	Family: Bacteroidceae Genus: Bacteroides	[8]
Mice with high-fat diet		Genus: Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus	[6]
Rats with high-sugar diet	Phylum: Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria Genus: Alloprevotella, Coprostanoligenes group, Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group, Desulfovibrio, Intestinimonas, Astipes, Bifidobacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, Staphylococcus Species: Bacteroides acidifaciens, Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp., Lactobacillus murinus	Phylum: Firmicutes Family: Prevotellaceae Ga6A1 group Genus: Lactobacillus, Tyzzerella	[23]
Mice with high-fat diet	Species: Clostridium scindens, Akmermansia muciniphila, Parabacteroides distasonis		[21]
db/db Mice with high-fat diet	Species: Clostridioides difficile 42_27, Blautia coccoides, Firmicutes bacterium ASF500	Species: Brevundimonas vesicularis	[24]
Mice with high-fat diet	Genus: Clostridium		[25]
Rats with high-fat diet	Phylum: Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria Species: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Parabacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides acidifaciens, Lactobacillus murinus, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Corynebacterium variabile	Species: Lachnospiraceae bacterium PG-426-CC-1, Brachyspira sp. NSH-25, Desulfovibrio sp. UNSW3caefatS, Bacteroides uniformis	[20]
Rats with high-fat diet	Family: Lachnospiraceae Genus: Lactobacillus, Akkermansia	Family: Ruminococcaceae Genus: Desulfovibrio	[26]

Animal model	Up-regulated gut microbiota	Down-regulated gut microbiota	Reference
Azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulphate-induced colorectal cancer in mice	Family: Rinoccaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Prevotellaceae Genus: Romboutsia, Anaeroplasma, Ruminococcus, Parabacteroides, Rikenellaceae RC9, Parvibacter, Alloprevotella	Family: Bacteroidceae Genus: Bacteroides	[8]
Mice with high-fat diet		Genus: Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus	[6]
Rats with high-sugar diet	Phylum: Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria Genus: Alloprevotella, Coprostanoligenes group, Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group, Desulfovibrio, Intestinimonas, Astipes, Bifidobacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, Staphylococcus Species: Bacteroides acidifaciens, Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp., Lactobacillus murinus	Phylum: Firmicutes Family: Prevotellaceae Ga6A1 group Genus: Lactobacillus, Tyzzerella	[23]
Mice with high-fat diet	Species: Clostridium scindens, Akmermansia muciniphila, Parabacteroides distasonis		[21]
db/db Mice with high-fat diet	Species: Clostridioides difficile 42_27, Blautia coccoides, Firmicutes bacterium ASF500	Species: Brevundimonas vesicularis	[24]
Mice with high-fat diet	Genus: Clostridium		[25]
Rats with high-fat diet	Phylum: Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria Species: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Parabacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides acidifaciens, Lactobacillus murinus, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Corynebacterium variabile	Species: Lachnospiraceae bacterium PG-426-CC-1, Brachyspira sp. NSH-25, Desulfovibrio sp. UNSW3caefatS, Bacteroides uniformis	[20]
Rats with high-fat diet	Family: Lachnospiraceae Genus: Lactobacillus, Akkermansia	Family: Ruminococcaceae Genus: Desulfovibrio	[26]

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