Abstract:

Objective To retrospectively analyze the pathological categories and clinical characteristics of childhood renal diseases. Methods The pathological diagnoses and clinical data of 977 children with percutaneous renal biopsy were collected and the differences between primary glomerular disease and secondary glomerular disease were analyzed. Results Among 977 patients, 971 renal biopsies were successfully performed. There were 755 (77.8%) cases of primary glomerular disease, 183 (18.8%) cases of secondary glomerular disease, and only 18 (1.9%) cases of heritage glomerular disease. For the primary glomerular disease, the top 3 clinical diagnoses were isolated hematuria, nephritic syndrome, and persistent glomerulonephritis, respectively. The top 3 pathological categories were minor lesion type, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and focal glomerulonephritis (FGN). For the secondary glomerular disease, purpura nephritis, hepatitis B virus associated nephritis, and lupus nephritis (LN) were the top 3 clinical diagnoses. The top 3 pathological categories were mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, minor lesion type, and membranous nephropathy. Among 18 cases of heritage glomerular disease, 7 were thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN). For children diagnosed with isolated hematuria, the percentage of minor lesion type decreased with age (P<0.05), while the percentages of FGN and IgAN increased with age (P<0.05). Conclusion The primary glomerulary disease is the main type of children glomerulary diseases. The higher incidence of minor lesions is possibly due to the higher incidence of isolated hematuria. For the secondary glomerulary disease, purpura nephritis is the most common clinical diagnosis and MPG, minor lesion type, and membranous nephropathy are common pathological categories. While TBMN is the most common pathological category of the heritage glomerular disease. The renal biopsy is suggested for children with isolated hematuria whose ages are more than 6 years old.

Key words: renal biopsy, patholgical category, child, retrospective analysis