Abstract:

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant clonal disease originating from hemopoietic stem cells or progenitor cells. The occurrence and development of AML involve various genetic abnormalities. Accurate diagnostic typing is an important basis for clinical treatment and prognosis evaluation of AML. With the in-depth research on the pathogenesis of AML and progresses of cytogenetics, molecular biology, and high throughput sequencing, the development of typing and prognosis evaluation system for AML has been successively based on cytomorphology, cytogenetics, and molecular typing. The molecular typing system provides essential reference for accurate typing, individualized stratified therapy, prognosis evaluation, and efficacy monitoring, etc. and lays a solid foundation for modern accurate diagnosis and treatment of AML.

Key words: acute myeloid leukemia, gene mutation, molecular stratification, prognosis